Carl Westmoreland
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Explore the profile of Carl Westmoreland including associated specialties, affiliations and a list of published articles.
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Articles
28
Citations
227
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Recent Articles
1.
Wood A, Breffa C, Chaine C, Cubberley R, Dent M, Eichhorn J, et al.
Toxicology
. 2024 Jun;
506:153835.
PMID: 38857863
Next Generation Risk Assessment (NGRA) is an exposure-led approach to safety assessment that uses New Approach Methodologies (NAMs). Application of NGRA has been largely restricted to assessments of consumer use...
2.
Sewell F, Alexander-White C, Brescia S, Currie R, Roberts R, Roper C, et al.
Toxicol Res (Camb)
. 2024 Mar;
13(2):tfae044.
PMID: 38533179
New approach methodologies (NAMs) can deliver improved chemical safety assessment through the provision of more protective and/or relevant models that have a reduced reliance on animals. Despite the widely acknowledged...
3.
Macmillan D, Bergqvist A, Burgess-Allen E, Callan I, Dawick J, Carrick B, et al.
Regul Toxicol Pharmacol
. 2023 Dec;
147:105557.
PMID: 38142814
REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals) is a European Union regulation that aims to protect human health and the environment from the risks posed by chemicals. Article 25...
4.
Botham P, Cronin M, Currie R, Doe J, Funk-Weyer D, Gant T, et al.
Arch Toxicol
. 2023 Sep;
97(12):3075-3083.
PMID: 37755502
In Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) the criterion for deciding the studies that must be performed is the annual tonnage of the chemical manufactured or imported into...
5.
Cronin M, Ball N, Beken S, Bender H, Bercaru O, Caneva L, et al.
Regul Toxicol Pharmacol
. 2023 Aug;
144:105483.
PMID: 37640101
Understanding and estimating the exposure to a substance is one of the fundamental requirements for safe manufacture and use. Many approaches are taken to determine exposure to substances, mainly driven...
6.
Westmoreland C, Bender H, Doe J, Jacobs M, Kass G, Madia F, et al.
Regul Toxicol Pharmacol
. 2022 Sep;
135:105261.
PMID: 36103951
New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) are considered to include any in vitro, in silico or chemistry-based method, as well as the strategies to implement them, that may provide information that could...
7.
Carmichael P, Baltazar M, Cable S, Cochrane S, Dent M, Li H, et al.
ALTEX
. 2022 Jul;
39(3):359–366.
PMID: 35796331
New approach methodologies (NAMs) that do not use experimental animals are, in certain settings, entirely appropriate for assuring the safety of chemical ingredients, although regulatory adoption has been slow. In...
8.
Fentem J, Malcomber I, Maxwell G, Westmoreland C
Altern Lab Anim
. 2021 Aug;
49(4):122-132.
PMID: 34461762
Animal use for testing chemicals under REACH continues to increase, despite advances in non-animal safety science during the past 15 years. The application of modern science and technology, and the...
9.
Baltazar M, Cable S, Carmichael P, Cubberley R, Cull T, Delagrange M, et al.
Toxicol Sci
. 2020 Apr;
176(1):236-252.
PMID: 32275751
Next-Generation Risk Assessment is defined as an exposure-led, hypothesis-driven risk assessment approach that integrates new approach methodologies (NAMs) to assure safety without the use of animal testing. These principles were...
10.
Rivetti C, Allen T, Brown J, Butler E, Carmichael P, Colbourne J, et al.
Toxicol In Vitro
. 2019 Nov;
62:104692.
PMID: 31669395
There is a growing recognition that application of mechanistic approaches to understand cross-species shared molecular targets and pathway conservation in the context of hazard characterization, provide significant opportunities in risk...