Paul L Carmichael
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Explore the profile of Paul L Carmichael including associated specialties, affiliations and a list of published articles.
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Recent Articles
1.
Cable S, Baltazar M, Bunglawala F, Carmichael P, Contreas L, Dent M, et al.
Toxicol Sci
. 2024 Dec;
204(1):79-95.
PMID: 39693112
For many years, a method that allowed systemic toxicity safety assessments to be conducted without generating new animal test data, seemed out of reach. However, several different research groups and...
2.
Lin H, Sakolish C, Moyer H, Carmichael P, Baltazar M, Ferguson S, et al.
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol
. 2024 Jun;
489:117015.
PMID: 38917890
Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have a wide range of elimination half-lives (days to years) in humans, thought to be in part due to variation in proximal tubule reabsorption. While...
3.
Sakolish C, Moyer H, Tsai H, Ford L, Dickey A, Wright F, et al.
Toxicol Sci
. 2023 Aug;
196(1):52-70.
PMID: 37555834
Microphysiological systems are an emerging area of in vitro drug development, and their independent evaluation is important for wide adoption and use. The primary goal of this study was to...
4.
van Tongeren T, Wang S, Carmichael P, Rietjens I, Li H
Arch Toxicol
. 2023 Apr;
97(6):1547-1575.
PMID: 37087486
In next generation risk assessment (NGRA), the Dietary Comparator Ratio (DCR) can be used to assess the safety of chemical exposures to humans in a 3R compliant approach. The DCR...
5.
Middleton A, Reynolds J, Cable S, Baltazar M, Li H, Bevan S, et al.
Toxicol Sci
. 2022 Jul;
189(1):124-147.
PMID: 35822611
An important question in toxicological risk assessment is whether non-animal new approach methodologies (NAMs) can be used to make safety decisions that are protective of human health, without being overly...
6.
Carmichael P, Baltazar M, Cable S, Cochrane S, Dent M, Li H, et al.
ALTEX
. 2022 Jul;
39(3):359–366.
PMID: 35796331
New approach methodologies (NAMs) that do not use experimental animals are, in certain settings, entirely appropriate for assuring the safety of chemical ingredients, although regulatory adoption has been slow. In...
7.
van Tongeren T, Carmichael P, Rietjens I, Li H
Front Toxicol
. 2022 Jun;
4:881235.
PMID: 35722059
In next generation risk assessment (NGRA), non-animal approaches are used to quantify the chemical concentrations required to trigger bioactivity responses, in order to assure safe levels of human exposure. A...
8.
Rusyn I, Sakolish C, Kato Y, Stephan C, Vergara L, Hewitt P, et al.
Toxicol Sci
. 2022 Jun;
188(2):143-152.
PMID: 35689632
Much has been written and said about the promise and excitement of microphysiological systems, miniature devices that aim to recreate aspects of human physiology on a chip. The rapid explosion...
9.
Rajagopal R, Baltazar M, Carmichael P, Dent M, Head J, Li H, et al.
Front Toxicol
. 2022 Mar;
4:838466.
PMID: 35295212
New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) promise to offer a unique opportunity to enable human-relevant safety decisions to be made without the need for animal testing in the context of exposure-driven Next...
10.
Nitsche K, Muller I, Malcomber S, Carmichael P, Bouwmeester H
Arch Toxicol
. 2022 Feb;
96(3):711-741.
PMID: 35103818
Organ-on-chip (OoC) technology is full of engineering and biological challenges, but it has the potential to revolutionize the Next-Generation Risk Assessment of novel ingredients for consumer products and chemicals. A...