Relationship Between Clinical Signs and Transmission of an Infectious Disease and the Implications for Control

Overview

Journal Science

Specialty Science

Date 2011 May 10

PMID 21551063

Citations 65

Authors

Bryan Charleston

Bartlomies M Bankowski

Simon Gubbins

Margo E Chase-Topping

David Schley

Richard Howey

Paul V Barnett

Debi Gibson

Nicholas D Juleff

Mark E J Woolhouse

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Control of many infectious diseases relies on the detection of clinical cases and the isolation, removal, or treatment of cases and their contacts. The success of such "reactive" strategies is influenced by the fraction of transmission occurring before signs appear. We performed experimental studies of foot-and-mouth disease transmission in cattle and estimated this fraction at less than half the value expected from detecting virus in body fluids, the standard proxy measure of infectiousness. This is because the infectious period is shorter (mean 1.7 days) than currently realized, and animals are not infectious until, on average, 0.5 days after clinical signs appear. These results imply that controversial preemptive control measures may be unnecessary; instead, efforts should be directed at early detection of infection and rapid intervention.

Citing Articles

Phylodynamic analysis of foot-and-mouth disease virus evolution in Mar Chiquita, Argentina.

Calderon L, Cabanne G, Marcos A, Novo S, Torres C, Perez A Arch Virol. 2024; 169(5):101.

PMID: 38630189 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-024-06028-0.

Spatio-temporal ditribution and transmission dynamics of sheep pox and goat pox diseases in South Wollo zone north East Ethiopia.

Tadesse B, Aregahagn S, Muluneh B, Worku Y Heliyon. 2024; 10(5):e27470.

PMID: 38486769 PMC: 10937688. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27470.

Quantifying the relationship between within-host dynamics and transmission for viral diseases of livestock.

Gubbins S J R Soc Interface. 2024; 21(211):20230445.

PMID: 38379412 PMC: 10879856. DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2023.0445.

Laboratory testing and on-site storage are successful at mitigating the risk of release of foot-and-mouth disease virus via production of bull semen in the USA.

Meyer A, Weiker J, Meyer R PLoS One. 2023; 18(11):e0294036.

PMID: 37934775 PMC: 10629637. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294036.

The heterogeneous herd: Drivers of close-contact variation in African buffalo and implications for pathogen invasion.

Rushmore J, Beechler B, Tavalire H, Gorsich E, Charleston B, Devan-Song A Ecol Evol. 2023; 13(8):e10447.

PMID: 37621318 PMC: 10445036. DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10447.

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