Enas M Malik

Caffeine is the most widely consumed psychoactive substance in the world. Strikingly, the molecular pathways engaged by its regular consumption remain unclear. We herein addressed the mechanisms associated with habitual...

Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases (NTPDases) catalyze the hydrolysis of nucleoside tri- and di-phosphates to mono-phosphates. The products are subsequently hydrolyzed by ecto-5'-nucleotidase (ecto-5'-NT) to nucleosides. NTPDase inhibitors have potential as novel...

A homology model of the nucleotide-activated P2YR was created based on the X-ray structures of the P2Y receptor. Docking studies were performed, and receptor mutants were created to probe the...

P2Y is a G protein-coupled receptor activated by uridine-5'-triphosphate (UTP), which is widely expressed in the body, e.g., in intestine, heart, and brain. No selective P2Y receptor antagonist has been...

Legionella pneumophila is an aerobic, Gram-negative bacterium of the genus Legionella, which constitutes the major causative agent of Legionnaires' disease. Recently a nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (NTPDase) from L. pneumophila was...

Anthraquinones (9,10-dioxoanthracenes) constitute an important class of natural and synthetic compounds with a wide range of applications. Besides their utilization as colorants, anthraquinone derivatives have been used since centuries for...

Anthraquinone (AQ) derivatives play a prominent role in medicine and also in textile industry. Bromaminic acid (1-amino-4-bromoanthraquinone-2-sulfonic acid) is an important precursor for obtaining dyes as well as biologically active...