Favorable Vaccine-induced SARS-CoV-2-specific T Cell Response Profile in Patients Undergoing Immune-modifying Therapies

Overview

Journal J Clin Invest

Specialty General Medicine

Date 2022 May 10

PMID 35536644

Authors

Martin Qui

Nina Le Bert

Webber Pak Wo Chan

Malcolm Tan

Shou Kit Hang

Smrithi Hariharaputran

Jean Xiang Ying Sim

Jenny Guek Hong Low

Weiling Ng

Wei Yee Wan

Tiing Leong Ang

Antonio Bertoletti

Ennaliza Salazar

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

BACKGROUNDPatients undergoing immune-modifying therapies demonstrate a reduced humoral response after COVID-19 vaccination, but we lack a proper evaluation of the effect of such therapies on vaccine-induced T cell responses.METHODSWe longitudinally characterized humoral and spike-specific T cell responses in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), who were on antimetabolite therapy (azathioprine or methotrexate), TNF inhibitors, and/or other biologic treatment (anti-integrin or anti-p40) for up to 6 months after completing 2-dose COVID-19 mRNA vaccination.RESULTSWe demonstrate that a spike-specific T cell response was not only induced in treated patients with IBD at levels similar to those of healthy individuals, but also sustained at higher magnitude for up to 6 months after vaccination, particularly in those treated with TNF inhibitor therapy. Furthermore, the spike-specific T cell response in these patients was mainly preserved against mutations present in SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.529 (Omicron) and characterized by a Th1/IL-10 cytokine profile.CONCLUSIONDespite the humoral response defects, patients under immune-modifying therapies demonstrated a favorable profile of vaccine-induced T cell responses that might still provide a layer of COVID-19 protection.FUNDINGThis study was funded by the National Centre for Infectious Diseases (NCID) Catalyst Grant (FY2021ES) and the National Research Fund Competitive Research Programme (NRF-CRP25-2020-0003).

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