Implications of SARS-Cov-2 Infection on ENOS and INOS Activity: Consequences for the Respiratory and Vascular Systems

Overview

Journal Nitric Oxide

Publisher Elsevier

Date 2021 Apr 8

PMID 33831567

Citations 23

Authors

Lara M F Guimaraes

Caio V T Rossini

Claudiana Lameu

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Symptoms of COVID-19 range from asymptomatic/mild symptoms to severe illness and death, consequence of an excessive inflammatory process triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection. The diffuse inflammation leads to endothelium dysfunction in pulmonary blood vessels, uncoupling eNOS activity, lowering NO production, causing pulmonary physiological alterations and coagulopathy. On the other hand, iNOS activity is increased, which may be advantageous for host defense, once NO plays antiviral effects. However, overproduction of NO may be deleterious, generating a pro-inflammatory effect. In this review, we discussed the role of endogenous NO as a protective or deleterious agent of the respiratory and vascular systems, the most affected in COVID-19 patients, focusing on eNOS and iNOS roles. We also reviewed the currently available NO therapies and pointed out possible alternative treatments targeting NO metabolism, which could help mitigate health crises in the present and future CoV's spillovers.

Citing Articles

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