Enhydrin Regulates Postprandial Hyperglycemia in Diabetic Rats by Inhibition of α-Glucosidase Activity

Overview

Journal Plant Foods Hum Nutr

Specialties Biology
Nutritional Sciences

Date 2017 Feb 6

PMID 28161878

Citations 9

Authors

C Serra-Barcellona

N C Habib

S M Honore

S S Sanchez

S B Genta

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

During the last few years, numerous attempts were made to identify effective α-glucosidase inhibitors from natural sources in order to develop new alternatives for diabetes management. Smallanthus sonchifolius (yacon) leaves were found to be effective in controlling postprandial hyperglycemia. Enhydrin, a constituent of yacon leaves, was noted for its significant hypoglycemic properties in diabetic rats. These properties were also demonstrated for yacon leaves decoction, which is rich in phenolic compounds such as chlorogenic acid and its derivatives. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the potential of yacon leaves decoction and the isolated compound enhydrin to inhibit α-glucosidase enzyme, a possible mechanism of the above antihyperglycemic effect. In vitro assays showed that both 10% decoction and enhydrin significantly inhibited the activity of the yeast α-glucosidase enzyme in a dose-dependent manner, IC values being 50.40 and 134.17 μg/ml, respectively. In vivo experiments showed a rapid decrease in the hyperglycemic peak after sucrose load (2 g/kg body weight) in normal rats treated with the 10% decoction (140 mg/kg) and enhydrin (0.8 mg/kg). Both treatments caused a significant decrease in blood glucose levels in diabetic rats after sucrose load compared to diabetic control. These results suggest that both products assayed could be effective in the management of postprandial hyperglycemia through inhibition of α-glucosidase in the small intestine.

Citing Articles

Effects of Flour on Metabolic Parameters: A Systematic Review.

Silva I, Bragante W, Moretti Junior R, Fornari Laurindo L, Landgraf Guiguer E, Cressoni Araujo A Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2024; 17(5).

PMID: 38794228 PMC: 11125133. DOI: 10.3390/ph17050658.

An insight on medicinal attributes of 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-triazole derivatives as alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase inhibitors.

Sharma A, Dubey R, Bhupal R, Patel P, Kumar Verma S, Kaya S Mol Divers. 2023; 28(5):3605-3634.

PMID: 37733243 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-023-10728-1.

The Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Effects of Polyphenol-Rich Strawberry Juice on Diabetic Rats.

Gazwi H, Hassan M, Ismail H, El-Naem G, Tony S Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2023; 78(3):512-519.

PMID: 37462847 PMC: 10495482. DOI: 10.1007/s11130-023-01079-1.

Anti-α-Glucosidase, SAR Analysis, and Mechanism Investigation of Indolo[1,2-b]isoquinoline Derivatives.

Li M, Li L, Lu L, Xu X, Hu J, Peng J Molecules. 2023; 28(13).

PMID: 37446942 PMC: 10343752. DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135282.

Quantification of Enhydrin and Uvedalin in the Ethanolic Extract of Leaves Validated by the HPLC Method.

Anshory Tamhid H, Hertiani T, Bayu Murti Y, Murwanti R Molecules. 2023; 28(4).

PMID: 36838901 PMC: 9959401. DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041913.

References

Schmidt T . Helenanolide-type sesquiterpene lactones--III. Rates and stereochemistry in the reaction of helenalin and related helenanolides with sulfhydryl containing biomolecules. Bioorg Med Chem. 1997; 5(4):645-53. DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(97)00003-5. View

Choque Delgado G, Tamashiro W, Marostica Junior M, Pastore G . Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius): a functional food. Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2013; 68(3):222-8. DOI: 10.1007/s11130-013-0362-0. View

Oboh G, Agunloye O, Adefegha S, Akinyemi A, Ademiluyi A . Caffeic and chlorogenic acids inhibit key enzymes linked to type 2 diabetes (in vitro): a comparative study. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol. 2014; 26(2):165-70. DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2013-0141. View

Oki T, Matsui T, Osajima Y . Inhibitory effect of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors varies according to its origin. J Agric Food Chem. 1999; 47(2):550-3. DOI: 10.1021/jf980788t. View

Robertson R, Harmon J, Tran P, Tanaka Y, Takahashi H . Glucose toxicity in beta-cells: type 2 diabetes, good radicals gone bad, and the glutathione connection. Diabetes. 2003; 52(3):581-7. DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.52.3.581. View

Dias D, Urban S, Roessner U . A historical overview of natural products in drug discovery. Metabolites. 2014; 2(2):303-36. PMC: 3901206. DOI: 10.3390/metabo2020303. View

Aybar M, Sanchez Riera A, Grau A, Sanchez S . Hypoglycemic effect of the water extract of Smallantus sonchifolius (yacon) leaves in normal and diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2001; 74(2):125-32. DOI: 10.1016/s0378-8741(00)00351-2. View

Honore S, Cabrera W, Genta S, Sanchez S . Protective effect of yacon leaves decoction against early nephropathy in experimental diabetic rats. Food Chem Toxicol. 2012; 50(5):1704-15. DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.02.073. View

Li Y, Peng G, Li Q, Wen S, Huang T, Roufogalis B . Salacia oblonga improves cardiac fibrosis and inhibits postprandial hyperglycemia in obese Zucker rats. Life Sci. 2004; 75(14):1735-46. DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2004.04.013. View

10.

Dehghan-Kooshkghazi M, Mathers J . Starch digestion, large-bowel fermentation and intestinal mucosal cell proliferation in rats treated with the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor acarbose. Br J Nutr. 2004; 91(3):357-65. DOI: 10.1079/BJN20031063. View

11.

Patil S, Ghadyale V, Taklikar S, Kulkarni C, Arvindekar A . Insulin secretagogue, alpha-glucosidase and antioxidant activity of some selected spices in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2011; 66(1):85-90. DOI: 10.1007/s11130-011-0215-7. View

12.

Barcellona C, Cabrera W, Honore S, Mercado M, Sanchez S, Genta S . Safety assessment of aqueous extract from leaf Smallanthus sonchifolius and its main active lactone, enhydrin. J Ethnopharmacol. 2012; 144(2):362-70. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.09.021. View

13.

Ishikawa A, Yamashita H, Hiemori M, Inagaki E, Kimoto M, Okamoto M . Characterization of inhibitors of postprandial hyperglycemia from the leaves of Nerium indicum. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2007; 53(2):166-73. DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.53.166. View

14.

Sugihara H, Nagao M, Harada T, Nakajima Y, Tanimura-Inagaki K, Okajima F . Comparison of three α-glucosidase inhibitors for glycemic control and bodyweight reduction in Japanese patients with obese type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Investig. 2014; 5(2):206-12. PMC: 4023585. DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12135. View

15.

Frank F, Ulloa J, Cazorla S, Maravilla G, Malchiodi E, Grau A . Trypanocidal Activity of Smallanthus sonchifolius: Identification of Active Sesquiterpene Lactones by Bioassay-Guided Fractionation. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013; 2013:627898. PMC: 3690263. DOI: 10.1155/2013/627898. View

16.

Genta S, Cabrera W, Mercado M, Grau A, Catalan C, Sanchez S . Hypoglycemic activity of leaf organic extracts from Smallanthus sonchifolius: Constituents of the most active fractions. Chem Biol Interact. 2010; 185(2):143-52. DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2010.03.004. View

17.

Gin H, Rigalleau V . Post-prandial hyperglycemia. post-prandial hyperglycemia and diabetes. Diabetes Metab. 2000; 26(4):265-72. View