A Misplaced LncRNA Causes Brachydactyly in Humans

Overview

Journal J Clin Invest

Specialty General Medicine

Date 2012 Oct 25

PMID 23093776

Citations 67

Authors

Philipp G Maass

Andreas Rump

Herbert Schulz

Sigmar Stricker

Lisanne Schulze

Konrad Platzer

Atakan Aydin

Sigrid Tinschert

Mary B Goldring

Friedrich C Luft

Sylvia Bahring

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Translocations are chromosomal rearrangements that are frequently associated with a variety of disease states and developmental disorders. We identified 2 families with brachydactyly type E (BDE) resulting from different translocations affecting chromosome 12p. Both translocations caused downregulation of the parathyroid hormone-like hormone (PTHLH) gene by disrupting the cis-regulatory landscape. Using chromosome conformation capturing, we identified a regulator on chromosome 12q that interacts in cis with PTHLH over a 24.4-megabase distance and in trans with the sex-determining region Y-box 9 (SOX9) gene on chromosome 17q. The element also harbored a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA). Silencing of the lncRNA, PTHLH, or SOX9 revealed a feedback mechanism involving an expression-dependent network in humans. In the BDE patients, the human lncRNA was upregulated by the disrupted chromosomal association. Moreover, the lncRNA occupancy at the PTHLH locus was reduced. Our results document what we believe to be a novel in cis- and in trans-acting DNA and lncRNA regulatory feedback element that is reciprocally regulated by coding genes. Furthermore, our findings provide a systematic and combinatorial view of how enhancers encoding lncRNAs may affect gene expression in normal development.

Citing Articles

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