Coexistence of the Topological State and a Two-dimensional Electron Gas on the Surface of Bi(2)Se(3)

Overview

Journal Nat Commun

Specialty Biology

Date 2010 Dec 2

PMID 21119641

Citations 43

Authors

Marco Bianchi

Dandan Guan

Shining Bao

Jianli Mi

Bo Brummerstedt Iversen

Philip D C King

Philip Hofmann

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The surface of a topological insulator plays host to an odd number of linearly-dispersing Dirac fermions, protected against back-scattering by time-reversal symmetry. Such characteristics make these materials attractive not only for studying a range of fundamental phenomena in both condensed matter and particle physics, but also for applications ranging from spintronics to quantum computation. Here, we show that the single Dirac cone comprising the topological state of the prototypical topological insulator Bi(2)Se(3) can co-exist with a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG), a cornerstone of conventional electronics. Creation of the 2DEG is tied to a surface band-bending effect, which should be general for narrow-gap topological insulators. This leads to the unique situation where a topological and a non-topological, easily tunable and potentially superconducting, metallic state are confined to the same region of space.

Citing Articles

Analysis of plasmon modes in BiSe/graphene heterostructures via electron energy loss spectroscopy.

Moorsom T, McCauley M, Nizamuddin Bin Muhammad Mustafa A, Ramadan S, Burton J, Sasaki S Sci Rep. 2024; 14(1):30927.

PMID: 39730538 PMC: 11681017. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-81488-7.

Room-Temperature Band-Aligned Infrared Heterostructures for Integrable Sensing and Communication.

Xiao K, Zhang S, Zhang K, Zhang L, Wen Y, Tian S Adv Sci (Weinh). 2024; 11(36):e2401716.

PMID: 38840455 PMC: 11423140. DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401716.

Preservation of Topological Surface States in Millimeter-Scale Transferred Membranes.

Ip C, Gao Q, Nguyen K, Yan C, Yan G, Hoenig E Nano Lett. 2024; 24(25):7557-7563.

PMID: 38758657 PMC: 11212057. DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00008.

A Novel Ferroelectric Rashba Semiconductor.

Krizman G, Zakusylo T, Sajeev L, Hajlaoui M, Takashiro T, Rosmus M Adv Mater. 2023; 36(13):e2310278.

PMID: 38100676 PMC: 11475528. DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310278.

Low-Vacuum Catalyst-Free Physical Vapor Deposition and Magnetotransport Properties of Ultrathin BiSe Nanoribbons.

Sondors R, Niherysh K, Andzane J, Palermo X, Bauch T, Lombardi F Nanomaterials (Basel). 2023; 13(17).

PMID: 37686992 PMC: 10489768. DOI: 10.3390/nano13172484.

References

Roushan P, Seo J, Parker C, Hor Y, Hsieh D, Qian D . Topological surface states protected from backscattering by chiral spin texture. Nature. 2009; 460(7259):1106-9. DOI: 10.1038/nature08308. View

Qi X, Li R, Zang J, Zhang S . Inducing a magnetic monopole with topological surface States. Science. 2009; 323(5918):1184-7. DOI: 10.1126/science.1167747. View

Konig M, Wiedmann S, Brune C, Roth A, Buhmann H, Molenkamp L . Quantum spin hall insulator state in HgTe quantum wells. Science. 2007; 318(5851):766-70. DOI: 10.1126/science.1148047. View

Reyren N, Thiel S, Caviglia A, Kourkoutis L, Hammerl G, Richter C . Superconducting interfaces between insulating oxides. Science. 2007; 317(5842):1196-9. DOI: 10.1126/science.1146006. View

Fu L . Hexagonal warping effects in the surface states of the topological insulator Bi2Te3. Phys Rev Lett. 2010; 103(26):266801. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.266801. View

Pascual J, Bihlmayer G, Koroteev Y, Rust H, Ceballos G, Hansmann M . Role of spin in quasiparticle interference. Phys Rev Lett. 2004; 93(19):196802. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.196802. View

Hsieh D, Xia Y, Qian D, Wray L, Meier F, Dil J . Observation of time-reversal-protected single-dirac-cone topological-insulator states in Bi2Te3 and Sb2Te3. Phys Rev Lett. 2009; 103(14):146401. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.146401. View

King P, Veal T, McConville C, Zuniga-Perez J, Munoz-Sanjose V, Hopkinson M . Surface band-gap narrowing in quantized electron accumulation layers. Phys Rev Lett. 2010; 104(25):256803. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.256803. View

Lin H, Wray L, Xia Y, Xu S, Jia S, Cava R . Half-Heusler ternary compounds as new multifunctional experimental platforms for topological quantum phenomena. Nat Mater. 2010; 9(7):546-9. DOI: 10.1038/nmat2771. View

10.

Fu L, Kane C, Mele E . Topological insulators in three dimensions. Phys Rev Lett. 2007; 98(10):106803. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.106803. View

11.

Linder J, Tanaka Y, Yokoyama T, Sudbo A, Nagaosa N . Unconventional superconductivity on a topological insulator. Phys Rev Lett. 2010; 104(6):067001. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.067001. View

12.

Hsieh D, Xia Y, Qian D, Wray L, Dil J, Meier F . A tunable topological insulator in the spin helical Dirac transport regime. Nature. 2009; 460(7259):1101-5. DOI: 10.1038/nature08234. View

13.

Alpichshev Z, Analytis J, Chu J, Fisher I, Chen Y, Shen Z . STM imaging of electronic waves on the surface of Bi2Te3: topologically protected surface states and hexagonal warping effects. Phys Rev Lett. 2010; 104(1):016401. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.016401. View

14.

Moore J . The birth of topological insulators. Nature. 2010; 464(7286):194-8. DOI: 10.1038/nature08916. View

15.

Kuroda K, Arita M, Miyamoto K, Ye M, Jiang J, Kimura A . Hexagonally deformed Fermi surface of the 3D topological insulator Bi2Se3. Phys Rev Lett. 2010; 105(7):076802. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.076802. View

16.

Hsieh D, Xia Y, Wray L, Qian D, Pal A, Dil J . Observation of unconventional quantum spin textures in topological insulators. Science. 2009; 323(5916):919-22. DOI: 10.1126/science.1167733. View

17.

Hsieh D, Qian D, Wray L, Xia Y, Hor Y, Cava R . A topological Dirac insulator in a quantum spin Hall phase. Nature. 2008; 452(7190):970-4. DOI: 10.1038/nature06843. View

18.

Chen Y, Analytis J, Chu J, Liu Z, Mo S, Qi X . Experimental realization of a three-dimensional topological insulator, Bi2Te3. Science. 2009; 325(5937):178-81. DOI: 10.1126/science.1173034. View

19.

Fu L, Kane C . Superconducting proximity effect and majorana fermions at the surface of a topological insulator. Phys Rev Lett. 2008; 100(9):096407. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.096407. View

20.

Kevan . Direct measure of surface impurity scattering by angle-resolved photoemission. Phys Rev B Condens Matter. 1986; 33(6):4364-4366. DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.33.4364. View