A Single-strand Specific Lesion Drives MMS-induced Hyper-mutability at a Double-strand Break in Yeast
Overview
Molecular Biology
Affiliations
Localized hyper-mutability (LHM) can be important in evolution, immunity, and genetic diseases. We previously reported that single-strand DNA (ssDNA) can be an important source of damage-induced LHM in yeast. Here, we establish that the generation of LHM by methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) during repair of a chromosomal double-strand break (DSB) can result in over 0.2 mutations/kb, which is approximately 20,000-fold higher than the MMS-induced mutation density without a DSB. The MMS-induced mutations associated with DSB repair were primarily due to substitutions via translesion DNA synthesis at damaged cytosines, even though there are nearly 10 times more MMS-induced lesions at other bases. Based on this mutation bias, the promutagenic lesion dominating LHM is likely 3-methylcytosine, which is single-strand specific. Thus, the dramatic increase in mutagenesis at a DSB is concluded to result primarily from the generation of non-repairable lesions in ssDNA associated with DSB repair along with efficient induction of highly mutagenic ssDNA-specific lesions. These findings with MMS-induced LHM have broad biological implications for unrepaired damage generated in ssDNA and possibly ssRNA.
Degtyareva N, Placentra V, Gabel S, Klimczak L, Gordenin D, Wagner B Nucleic Acids Res. 2023; 51(10):5056-5072.
PMID: 37078607 PMC: 10250236. DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad305.
Acetaldehyde makes a distinct mutation signature in single-stranded DNA.
Vijayraghavan S, Porcher L, Mieczkowski P, Saini N Nucleic Acids Res. 2022; 50(13):7451-7464.
PMID: 35776120 PMC: 9303387. DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac570.
The Shu complex prevents mutagenesis and cytotoxicity of single-strand specific alkylation lesions.
Bonilla B, Brown A, Hengel S, Rapchak K, Mitchell D, Pressimone C Elife. 2021; 10.
PMID: 34723799 PMC: 8610418. DOI: 10.7554/eLife.68080.
Balancing DNA repair to prevent ageing and cancer.
Stead E, Bjedov I Exp Cell Res. 2021; 405(2):112679.
PMID: 34102225 PMC: 8361780. DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112679.
Brzostek A, Gasior F, Lach J, Zukowska L, Lechowicz E, Korycka-Machala M Genes (Basel). 2021; 12(4).
PMID: 33918798 PMC: 8068969. DOI: 10.3390/genes12040547.