The Effect of Whole-body X-irradiation of Guinea Pigs on Liver Ribonucleic Acid Synthesis

Overview

Journal Biochem J

Specialty Biochemistry

Date 1970 Feb 1

PMID 5435693

Citations 4

Authors

E J HIDVEGI

E BOLONI

J Holland

F Antoni

V VARTERESZ

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

1. Liver RNA synthesis was studied within 24h after whole-body X-irradiation of guinea pigs that had been starved for 22-24h. 2. Microsomal RNA was labelled in vivo for 3h with [(14)C]orotic acid and the isolated labelled RNA was fractionated by sucrose-density-gradient centrifugation. Incorporation was 50-100% higher between 3 and 12h after 2000rd X-irradiation and at 22h was not elevated any further. Whole nuclear RNA was labelled with [(14)C]orotic acid for 15min. At 5h after irradiation the incorporation showed a 50-100% increase. Incorporation increased in all types of RNA studied. 3. The RNA phosphorus/DNA phosphorus ratio of whole liver gradually increased after X-irradiation. Maximal increase was found between 24 and 36h, which corresponds to a value about 40% above that of the starved control. The RNA phosphorus content of isolated ribonucleoproteins obtained from various cell fractions of the liver was similarly increased after X-irradiation. 4. Liver microsomes were obtained from X-irradiated and control animals. Microsomes were incubated in vitro with [(14)C]phenylalanine in the presence and absence of polyuridylic acid. After the incubation the microsomes were fractionated by sucrose-density-gradient centrifugation. The polyuridylic acid enhancement was twice as great in the microsomes of the control preparation as in the irradiated one. The experiment demonstrated a higher saturation of microsomes by endogenous messenger after X-irradiation. 5. RNA polymerase activity of the purified nuclear preparation was assayed. The activity of the Mg(2+)-dependent RNA polymerase activity was 50 and 200% respectively above the control values at 6 and 9h after X-irradiation. 6. Animals were treated with actinomycin D shortly before X-irradiation. This treatment abolished the radiation-induced enrichment of polyribosomes and the increase of protein-synthesizing activity. The effect of X-irradiation on the transcription of the genetic code of the liver is discussed.

Citing Articles

Morphology of nuclear ribonucleoproteins in the early period of liver regeneration after irradiation.

Orkisz S, Bartel H Histochemistry. 1981; 71(4):629-34.

PMID: 7263299 DOI: 10.1007/BF00508388.

Increased synthesis of low-molecular-weight nuclear ribonucleic acids of rat liver after gamma irradiation and hepatectomy.

Fonagy A, HIDVEGI E Biochem J. 1975; 146(2):357-60.

PMID: 1156376 PMC: 1165313. DOI: 10.1042/bj1460357.

Effects of gamma-irradiation on biosynthesis of different types of ribonucleic acids in normal and regenerating rat liver.

MARKOV G, Dessev G, Russev G, TSANEV R Biochem J. 1975; 146(1):41-51.

PMID: 1147904 PMC: 1165274. DOI: 10.1042/bj1460041.

Growth of liver accompanied by an increased binding of aminoacyl-transfer ribonucleic acids.

McEwen Nicholls D, Carey J, Sendecki W Biochem J. 1977; 166(3):463-71.

PMID: 23102 PMC: 1165030. DOI: 10.1042/bj1660463.

References

Revel M, Hiatt H . THE STABILITY OF LIVER MESSENGER RNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1964; 51:810-8. PMC: 300167. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.51.5.810. View

Ord M, STOCKEN L . The effects of x- and gamma-radiation on nucleic acid metabolism in the rat in vivo and in vitro. Biochem J. 1956; 63(1):3-8. PMC: 1215991. DOI: 10.1042/bj0630003. View

Klouwen H . Radiosensitivity of nuclear RNA. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1960; 42:366-8. DOI: 10.1016/0006-3002(60)90808-8. View

Maass H, Timm M . [NUCLEOSIDE PHOSPHATE CONTENT IN VARIOUS RAT ORGANS AFTER TOTAL-BODY IRRADIATION]. Strahlentherapie. 1964; 123:64-81. View

Scherer E, RINGLEB D, VENTZKE L . [The influence of roentgen rays on the nucleolar apparatus of cells; observations on spleen, bone marrow and ascites tumor]. Strahlentherapie. 1953; 90(1):41-52. View

Staehelin T, WETTSTEIN F, Oura H, NOLL H . DETERMINATION OF THE CODING RATIO BASED ON MOLECULAR WEIGHT OF MESSENGER RIBONUCLEIC ACID ASSOCIATED WITH ERGOSOMES OF DIFFERENT AGGREGATE SIZE. Nature. 1964; 201:264-70. DOI: 10.1038/201264a0. View

Scherer E . [Cytologic and caryometric research on the effect of radiations on liver and spleen in the use of partial and total body irradiation. I. Research on liver of white mice]. Strahlentherapie. 1956; 100(1):86-103. View

Uchiyama T, Fausto N, VAN LANCKER J . Molecular mechanisms of liver regeneration. V. The effect of x-radiation on the incorporation of 14C-orotic acid rapidly labeled nuclear ribonucleic acid. J Biol Chem. 1966; 241(4):991-6. View

Payne A, KELLY L, ENTENMAN C . Effect of total-body x-irradiation on relative turnover of nucleic acid phosphorus. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1952; 81(3):698-701. DOI: 10.3181/00379727-81-19992. View

10.

Staehelin T, WETTSTEIN F, NOLL H . Breakdown of rat-liver ergosomes in vivo after actinomycin inhibition of messenger RNA synthesis. Science. 1963; 140(3563):180-3. DOI: 10.1126/science.140.3563.180. View

11.

Burton K . A study of the conditions and mechanism of the diphenylamine reaction for the colorimetric estimation of deoxyribonucleic acid. Biochem J. 1956; 62(2):315-23. PMC: 1215910. DOI: 10.1042/bj0620315. View

12.

Gierer A . [Comparative studies on high-molecular weight ribonucleic acid]. Z Naturforsch B. 1958; 13B(12):788-92. View

13.

Wilson S, HOAGLAND M . Physiology of rat-liver polysomes. The stability of messenger ribonucleic acid and ribosomes. Biochem J. 1967; 103(2):556-66. PMC: 1270442. DOI: 10.1042/bj1030556. View

14.

Butler J, Laurence D . Effect of whole-body radiation in vivo on the DNA of rat liver. Int J Radiat Biol Relat Stud Phys Chem Med. 1960; 2:331-2. DOI: 10.1080/09553006014550381. View

15.

WIDNELL C, Tata J . A procedure for the isolation of enzymically active rat-liver nuclei. Biochem J. 1964; 92(2):313-7. PMC: 1205996. DOI: 10.1042/bj0920313. View

16.

Jackson R, Munro A, Korner A . ERRORS IN THE USE OF 260-MU ABSORPTION FOR ESTIMATION OF RNPR PARTICLES. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1964; 91:666-8. DOI: 10.1016/0926-6550(64)90023-4. View

17.

Munro A, Korner A . MESSENGER RIBONUCLEIC ACID OF RAT LIVER CYTOPLASM. Nature. 1964; 201:1194-7. DOI: 10.1038/2011194a0. View

18.

Ceriotti G . Determination of nucleic acids in animal tissues. J Biol Chem. 1955; 214(1):59-70. View

19.

Muramatsu M, HODNETT J, STEELE W, Busch H . Synthesis of 28-S RNA in the nucleolus. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1966; 123(1):116-25. DOI: 10.1016/0005-2787(66)90164-x. View

20.

Chambon P, Mandel P, WEILL J, Busch S . Failure of x-ray irradiation to inhibit ribonucleic acid polymerase activity in regenerating rat liver nuclei. Life Sci (1962). 1962; 1:167-71. DOI: 10.1016/0024-3205(62)90013-9. View