Viral Live-Attenuated Vaccines (LAVs): Past and Future Directions

Overview

Journal Adv Sci (Weinh)

Specialty Biomedical Engineering

Date 2024 Dec 6

PMID 39639853

Authors

Yan-Dong Tang

Yuming Li

Xue-Hui Cai

Xin Yin

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Viral infections continue to pose a significant threat to the health of both humans and animals. Currently, live attenuated vaccines (LAVs) remain the most efficacious and widely utilized tool for combating viral infections. Conventional LAVs involve the adaptation of virulent viruses to novel hosts, cell cultures, or suboptimal environments, resulting in a reduction in pathogenicity while retaining immunogenicity. This process entails directed evolution of the virus to enhance its replication efficiency under these modified conditions. In this review, the development of traditional animal-adapted and cold-adapted LAVs is specially discussed. Additionally, the factors that contribute to virus attenuation from a viral lifecycle perspective are summarized. Finally, we propose future directions for next-generation LAVs.

Citing Articles

Editorial: Unveiling host-pathogen interactions: insights into animal cellular immunity and novel diagnostics.

Wang H, Zhang Q, Zhao J, Yu C, Xia C, Zhang H Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2025; 14:1543349.

PMID: 39882345 PMC: 11775013. DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1543349.

The Strategies Used by Animal Viruses to Antagonize Host Antiviral Innate Immunity: New Clues for Developing Live Attenuated Vaccines (LAVs).

Chen N, Zhang B Vaccines (Basel). 2025; 13(1).

PMID: 39852825 PMC: 11768843. DOI: 10.3390/vaccines13010046.

Viral Live-Attenuated Vaccines (LAVs): Past and Future Directions.

Tang Y, Li Y, Cai X, Yin X Adv Sci (Weinh). 2024; 12(3):e2407241.

PMID: 39639853 PMC: 11744563. DOI: 10.1002/advs.202407241.

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