Giant Enhancement of Second Harmonic Generation from Monolayer 2D Materials Placed on Photonic Moiré Superlattice

Overview

Journal Nanophotonics

Publisher De Gruyter

Date 2024 Dec 5

PMID 39635636

Authors

Tingyin Ning

Lina Zhao

Yanyan Huo

Yangjian Cai

Yingying Ren

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

We numerically investigate second harmonic generation (SHG) from a monolayer of 2D-material placed on photonic moiré superlattice fabricated by dielectric materials. The greatly enhanced local field at the resonance modes of moiré superlattice can dramatically boost the SHG response in 2D materials. Considering a typical 2D-material MoS monolayer placed on a photonic moiré superlattice of a twist angle 9.43°, the maximum SHG conversion efficiency reaches up to 10 at a relatively low intensity of fundamental light 1 kW/cm, which is around 14 orders of magnitude larger than that from the monolayer placed on a flat dielectric slab without moiré superlattices. The SHG conversion efficiency from the monolayer can be further enhanced with the decrease of the twist angles of moiré superlattice due to the even more confinement of local field. The flat bands in the moiré superlattices formed by the small twist angles can particularly ensure the efficiency even under wide-angle illuminations. The results indicate that photonic moiré superlattice which can tightly confine light is a promising platform for efficient nonlinear optics.

References

Yu S, Wu X, Wang Y, Guo X, Tong L . 2D Materials for Optical Modulation: Challenges and Opportunities. Adv Mater. 2017; 29(14). DOI: 10.1002/adma.201606128. View

Wang P, Zheng Y, Chen X, Huang C, Kartashov Y, Torner L . Localization and delocalization of light in photonic moiré lattices. Nature. 2019; 577(7788):42-46. DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1851-6. View

Chen J, Tan J, Wu G, Zhang X, Xu F, Lu Y . Tunable and enhanced light emission in hybrid WS-optical-fiber-nanowire structures. Light Sci Appl. 2019; 8:8. PMC: 6333622. DOI: 10.1038/s41377-018-0115-9. View

Li T, Guo W, Ma L, Li W, Yu Z, Han Z . Epitaxial growth of wafer-scale molybdenum disulfide semiconductor single crystals on sapphire. Nat Nanotechnol. 2021; 16(11):1201-1207. DOI: 10.1038/s41565-021-00963-8. View

Huang L, Zhang W, Zhang X . Moiré Quasibound States in the Continuum. Phys Rev Lett. 2022; 128(25):253901. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.253901. View

Hong P, Xu L, Ying C, Rahmani M . Flatband mode in photonic moiré superlattice for boosting second-harmonic generation with monolayer van der Waals crystals. Opt Lett. 2022; 47(9):2326-2329. DOI: 10.1364/OL.453625. View

Wang G, Marie X, Gerber I, Amand T, Lagarde D, Bouet L . Giant enhancement of the optical second-harmonic emission of WSe(2) monolayers by laser excitation at exciton resonances. Phys Rev Lett. 2015; 114(9):097403. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.097403. View

Ning T, Li X, Zhao Y, Yin L, Huo Y, Zhao L . Giant enhancement of harmonic generation in all-dielectric resonant waveguide gratings of quasi-bound states in the continuum. Opt Express. 2020; 28(23):34024-34034. DOI: 10.1364/OE.409276. View

Ferrari A, Bonaccorso F, Falko V, Novoselov K, Roche S, Boggild P . Science and technology roadmap for graphene, related two-dimensional crystals, and hybrid systems. Nanoscale. 2015; 7(11):4598-810. DOI: 10.1039/c4nr01600a. View

10.

Yi F, Ren M, Reed J, Zhu H, Hou J, Naylor C . Optomechanical Enhancement of Doubly Resonant 2D Optical Nonlinearity. Nano Lett. 2016; 16(3):1631-6. DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b04448. View

11.

Cao Y, Fatemi V, Fang S, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Kaxiras E . Unconventional superconductivity in magic-angle graphene superlattices. Nature. 2018; 556(7699):43-50. DOI: 10.1038/nature26160. View

12.

Shi J, Wu X, Wu K, Zhang S, Sui X, Du W . Giant Enhancement and Directional Second Harmonic Emission from Monolayer WS on Silicon Substrate via Fabry-Pérot Micro-Cavity. ACS Nano. 2022; 16(9):13933-13941. DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c03033. View

13.

Zeng J, Yuan M, Yuan W, Dai Q, Fan H, Lan S . Enhanced second harmonic generation of MoS2 layers on a thin gold film. Nanoscale. 2015; 7(32):13547-53. DOI: 10.1039/c5nr03133h. View

14.

Ha S, Park N, Kim H, Shin J, Choi J, Park S . Enhanced third-harmonic generation by manipulating the twist angle of bilayer graphene. Light Sci Appl. 2021; 10(1):19. PMC: 7820413. DOI: 10.1038/s41377-020-00459-5. View

15.

Dean C, Wang L, Maher P, Forsythe C, Ghahari F, Gao Y . Hofstadter's butterfly and the fractal quantum Hall effect in moiré superlattices. Nature. 2013; 497(7451):598-602. DOI: 10.1038/nature12186. View

16.

Wang Z, Dong Z, Zhu H, Jin L, Chiu M, Li L . Selectively Plasmon-Enhanced Second-Harmonic Generation from Monolayer Tungsten Diselenide on Flexible Substrates. ACS Nano. 2018; 12(2):1859-1867. DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b08682. View

17.

Li Y, Rao Y, Mak K, You Y, Wang S, Dean C . Probing symmetry properties of few-layer MoS2 and h-BN by optical second-harmonic generation. Nano Lett. 2013; 13(7):3329-33. DOI: 10.1021/nl401561r. View

18.

Cox J, Silveiro I, de Abajo F . Quantum Effects in the Nonlinear Response of Graphene Plasmons. ACS Nano. 2016; 10(2):1995-2003. DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b06110. View

19.

Chen H, Corboliou V, Solntsev A, Choi D, Vincenti M, de Ceglia D . Enhanced second-harmonic generation from two-dimensional MoSe on a silicon waveguide. Light Sci Appl. 2018; 6(10):e17060. PMC: 6061909. DOI: 10.1038/lsa.2017.60. View

20.

Tran K, Moody G, Wu F, Lu X, Choi J, Kim K . Evidence for moiré excitons in van der Waals heterostructures. Nature. 2019; 567(7746):71-75. PMC: 11493145. DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-0975-z. View