Highly Thrombogenic Phenotype and Impaired Wound Healing in a Patient with Congenital Dysfibrinogenemia: Case Report

Background: Congenital fibrinogen disorders are classified based on both fibrinogen levels and the clinical phenotype. For dysfibrinogenemia, normal fibrinogen levels are typical.

Key Clinical Question: We highlight the importance of comprehensive thrombotic risk assessment, including lipoprotein a (Lp[a]) and hypertriglyceridemia in association with severe thrombosis and poor wound healing in dysfibrinogenemia.

Clinical Approach: We report the case of a 42-year-old male patient with a rare congenital thrombotic-related dysfibrinogenemia (fibrinogen Naples) and multiple thrombotic episodes throughout his life and an unhealing ankle wound. Despite all thrombotic episodes and surgery, the patient had undetectable D-dimer, suggestive of fibrinolytic defect, further supported by over 4-fold elevated Lp(a) levels. The last arterial thrombosis was preoperatively managed by plasma exchange, antithrombotics, and thereafter continued fibrinogen replacement therapy, under which the chronic wound has healed.

Conclusion: The combination of thrombogenesis, abnormal fibrinogen, and high Lp(a) levels is a clinical and research topic deserving more attention.