A Comprehensive / Screening Toolbox for the Elucidation of Glucose Homeostasis Modulating Properties of Plant Extracts (from Roots) and Its Bioactives

Overview

Journal Front Pharmacol

Date 2024 Jul 11

PMID 38989154

Authors

Ilka Bauer

Gerald Rimbach

Sonke Cordeiro

Anja Bosy-Westphal

Julian Weghuber

Ignacio R Ipharraguerre

Kai Luersen

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Plant extracts are increasingly recognized for their potential in modulating (postprandial) blood glucose levels. In this context, root extracts are of particular interest due to their high concentrations and often unique spectrum of plant bioactives. To identify new plant species with potential glucose-lowering activity, simple and robust methodologies are often required. For this narrative review, literature was sourced from scientific databases (primarily PubMed) in the period from June 2022 to January 2024. The regulatory targets of glucose homeostasis that could be modulated by bioactive plant compounds were used as search terms, either alone or in combination with the keyword "root extract". As a result, we present a comprehensive methodological toolbox for studying the glucose homeostasis modulating properties of plant extracts and its constituents. The described assays encompass investigations involving enzyme inhibition (α-amylase, α-glucosidase, dipeptidyl peptidase 4), assessment of sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1 activity, and evaluation of glucose transporter 4 translocation. Furthermore, we describe a patch-clamp technique to assess the impact of extracts on K channels. While validating findings in living organisms is imperative, we introduce two screenable models (the hen's egg test and ). Given that evaluation of the bioactivity of plant extracts in rodents and humans represents the current gold standard, we include approaches addressing this aspect. In summary, this review offers a systematic guide for screening plant extracts regarding their influence on key regulatory elements of glucose homeostasis, culminating in the assessment of their potential efficacy . Moreover, application of the presented toolbox might contribute to further close the knowledge gap on the precise mechanisms of action of plant-derived compounds.

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