Intensification of the SFE Using Ethanol As a Cosolvent and Integration of the SFE Process with Sc-CO Followed by PLE Using Pressurized Ethanol of Black Soldier Fly ( L.) Larvae Meal-Extract Yields and Characterization

Overview

Journal Foods

Specialty Biotechnology

Date 2024 Jun 19

PMID 38890848

Authors

Vanessa Aparecida Cruz

Nilson Jose Ferreira

Elise Le Roux

Emilie Destandau

Alessandra Lopes de Oliveira

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The objective of this research was to investigate and compare the results obtained in the intensification and integration of (sc-CO) under different pressure conditions (25 and 30 MPa) at 60 °C. When intensifying the process, ethanol (10%) was used as a co-solvent (sc-CO + EtOH). In the process integration, black soldier fly larvae flour, defatted via supercritical extraction (SFE), was the raw material for pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) using ethanol as solvent. The extract yields, fatty acid profile, free fatty acids, triacylglycerols (TAGs), oxidative stability, and nutritional quality of the oil obtained using sc-CO + EtOH were evaluated. The composition of bioactive compounds (carotenoids, acidity, antioxidant compounds, tocopherols, and phospholipids) was determined in both extracts. The yields of the extracts were different by 32.5 to 53.9%. In the extracts obtained with sc-CO + EtOH (10%), the predominant fatty acids were oleic, palmitic, and linoleic, with considerable levels of desirable fatty acids (DFA), tocopherols, and phospholipids. The nutritional indices showed good values for polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids (PUFAs/SFAs), above 0.45%. Extracts from larvae meal defatted with SFE showed carotenoids, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity. HPTLC and HPLC analyses indicated the presence of amino acids, sugars, phenolics, and organic acids in their composition. This study revealed that the supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) process, or its conditions, can modify the fatty acid composition and the presence of minor bioactive compounds in the obtained extracts.

Citing Articles

Unraveling the Potential of Black Soldier Fly Larvae as a Sustainable Protein Source for Nile Tilapia Production in Diverse Aquaculture Systems.

Munguti J, Muthoka M, Mboya J, Kyule D, Meenakshisundaram M, Tanga C Aquac Nutr. 2025; 2025:3598843.

PMID: 39866207 PMC: 11759566. DOI: 10.1155/anu/3598843.

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