Odontoblasts or Odontocytes, Expression of Stem Cells Markers and Differentiation Markers Among Human Adult Odontoblasts

Overview

Journal Saudi Dent J

Specialty Dentistry

Date 2024 Jun 17

PMID 38883894

Authors

Heba Alzer

Firas Alsoleihat

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Despite that, the odontoblasts of the dental pulp are considered a terminally differentiated type of cell. We were interested in investigating if they express any embryonic, mesenchymal, or neural stem cell markers, along with other differentiation markers they were reported to express previously. : An immunohistochemistry study was performed on wisdom teeth extracted from healthy donors aged between 17 and 19 for dental reasons. Nine markers were tested: c-Myc, SOX2, MCAM, CD73, NCAM1, STRO1, osteocalcin, S100, and Thy1. : Odontoblasts expressed the following markers: embryonic stem cell markers SOX2, c-Myc, mesenchymal stem cell marker MCAM, the neural differentiation marker S100, and the osteogenic differentiation marker osteocalcin. Odontoblasts did not express the following markers: mesenchymal stem cell markers CD73, STRO1, Thy1, and neural stem cell marker NCAM1. : These findings suggest that odontoblasts' expression of these stem cell markers may enable them to dedifferentiate under certain conditions. Further investigation is needed into whether dental materials could induce such dedifferentiation for functional dentin regeneration.

References

Velychko S, Adachi K, Kim K, Hou Y, MacCarthy C, Wu G . Excluding Oct4 from Yamanaka Cocktail Unleashes the Developmental Potential of iPSCs. Cell Stem Cell. 2019; 25(6):737-753.e4. PMC: 6900749. DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2019.10.002. View

Yao Y, Wang C . Dedifferentiation: inspiration for devising engineering strategies for regenerative medicine. NPJ Regen Med. 2020; 5:14. PMC: 7395755. DOI: 10.1038/s41536-020-00099-8. View

Paduano F, Aiello E, Cooper P, Marrelli B, Makeeva I, Islam M . A Dedifferentiation Strategy to Enhance the Osteogenic Potential of Dental Derived Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021; 9:668558. PMC: 8192975. DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.668558. View

Cunha J, Costa-Neves A, Kerkis I, Silva M . Pluripotent stem cell transcription factors during human odontogenesis. Cell Tissue Res. 2013; 353(3):435-41. DOI: 10.1007/s00441-013-1658-y. View

Takahashi K, Tanabe K, Ohnuki M, Narita M, Ichisaka T, Tomoda K . Induction of pluripotent stem cells from adult human fibroblasts by defined factors. Cell. 2007; 131(5):861-72. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2007.11.019. View

Chang B, Svoboda K, Liu X . Cell polarization: From epithelial cells to odontoblasts. Eur J Cell Biol. 2018; 98(1):1-11. PMC: 6338482. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2018.11.003. View

Jessen K, Mirsky R, Lloyd A . Schwann Cells: Development and Role in Nerve Repair. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2015; 7(7):a020487. PMC: 4484967. DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a020487. View

Ranjbar M, Ranjbar Z, Zahed M, Nikookar N . CD73 a novel marker for the diagnosis of benign and malignant salivary gland tumors. J Clin Exp Dent. 2019; 11(3):e213-e218. PMC: 6461735. DOI: 10.4317/jced.54918. View

Gonzalez F, Boue S, Izpisua Belmonte J . Methods for making induced pluripotent stem cells: reprogramming à la carte. Nat Rev Genet. 2011; 12(4):231-42. DOI: 10.1038/nrg2937. View

10.

Ramos T, Sanchez-Abarca L, Muntion S, Preciado S, Puig N, Lopez-Ruano G . MSC surface markers (CD44, CD73, and CD90) can identify human MSC-derived extracellular vesicles by conventional flow cytometry. Cell Commun Signal. 2016; 14:2. PMC: 4709865. DOI: 10.1186/s12964-015-0124-8. View

11.

Liu L, Wei X, Ling J, Wu L, Xiao Y . Expression pattern of Oct-4, Sox2, and c-Myc in the primary culture of human dental pulp derived cells. J Endod. 2011; 37(4):466-72. DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2010.12.012. View

12.

Paakkonen V, Vuoristo J, Salo T, Tjaderhane L . Comparative gene expression profile analysis between native human odontoblasts and pulp tissue. Int Endod J. 2007; 41(2):117-27. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2007.01327.x. View

13.

Shi S, Gronthos S . Perivascular niche of postnatal mesenchymal stem cells in human bone marrow and dental pulp. J Bone Miner Res. 2003; 18(4):696-704. DOI: 10.1359/jbmr.2003.18.4.696. View

14.

Saalbach A, Anderegg U . Thy-1: more than a marker for mesenchymal stromal cells. FASEB J. 2019; 33(6):6689-6696. DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802224R. View

15.

Boyer L, Lee T, Cole M, Johnstone S, Levine S, Zucker J . Core transcriptional regulatory circuitry in human embryonic stem cells. Cell. 2005; 122(6):947-56. PMC: 3006442. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2005.08.020. View

16.

Matsui M, Kobayashi T, W Tsutsui T . CD146 positive human dental pulp stem cells promote regeneration of dentin/pulp-like structures. Hum Cell. 2018; 31(2):127-138. PMC: 5852189. DOI: 10.1007/s13577-017-0198-2. View

17.

Herreros-Villanueva M, Zhang J, Koenig A, V Abel E, Smyrk T, Bamlet W . SOX2 promotes dedifferentiation and imparts stem cell-like features to pancreatic cancer cells. Oncogenesis. 2013; 2:e61. PMC: 3759123. DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2013.23. View

18.

Karagiannis P, Takahashi K, Saito M, Yoshida Y, Okita K, Watanabe A . Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Their Use in Human Models of Disease and Development. Physiol Rev. 2018; 99(1):79-114. DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00039.2017. View

19.

Rui Y, Xu L, Chen R, Zhang T, Lin S, Hou Y . Epigenetic memory gained by priming with osteogenic induction medium improves osteogenesis and other properties of mesenchymal stem cells. Sci Rep. 2015; 5:11056. PMC: 4459169. DOI: 10.1038/srep11056. View

20.

van Schaijik B, Davis P, Wickremesekera A, Tan S, Itinteang T . Subcellular localisation of the stem cell markers OCT4, SOX2, NANOG, KLF4 and c-MYC in cancer: a review. J Clin Pathol. 2017; 71(1):88-91. DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2017-204815. View