Nevi and Melanoma

Overview

Journal Hematol Oncol Clin North Am

Specialties Hematology
Oncology

Date 2024 Jun 16

PMID 38880666

Authors

Yifan Zhang

Stephen M Ostrowski

David E Fisher

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Cutaneous melanoma is an aggressive form of skin cancer derived from skin melanocytes and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. A significant fraction of melanomas are associated with precursor lesions, benign clonal proliferations of melanocytes called nevi. Nevi can be either congenital or acquired later in life. Identical oncogenic driver mutations are found in benign nevi and melanoma. While much progress has been made in our understanding of nevus formation and the molecular steps required for transformation of nevi into melanoma, the clinical diagnosis of benign versus malignant lesions remains challenging.

References

Pellacani G, Scope A, Ferrari B, Pupelli G, Bassoli S, Longo C . New insights into nevogenesis: in vivo characterization and follow-up of melanocytic nevi by reflectance confocal microscopy. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2009; 61(6):1001-13. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2009.04.018. View

Jahnke M, OHaver J, Gupta D, Hawryluk E, Finelt N, Kruse L . Care of Congenital Melanocytic Nevi in Newborns and Infants: Review and Management Recommendations. Pediatrics. 2021; 148(6). DOI: 10.1542/peds.2021-051536. View

Krengel S, Scope A, Dusza S, Vonthein R, Marghoob A . New recommendations for the categorization of cutaneous features of congenital melanocytic nevi. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2012; 68(3):441-51. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2012.05.043. View

Tang J, Fewings E, Chang D, Zeng H, Liu S, Jorapur A . The genomic landscapes of individual melanocytes from human skin. Nature. 2020; 586(7830):600-605. PMC: 7581540. DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2785-8. View

Drozdowski R, Spaccarelli N, Peters M, Grant-Kels J . Dysplastic nevus part I: Historical perspective, classification, and epidemiology. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022; 88(1):1-10. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.04.068. View

Charbel C, Fontaine R, Malouf G, Picard A, Kadlub N, El-Murr N . NRAS mutation is the sole recurrent somatic mutation in large congenital melanocytic nevi. J Invest Dermatol. 2013; 134(4):1067-1074. DOI: 10.1038/jid.2013.429. View

Huang F, Hodis E, Xu M, Kryukov G, Chin L, Garraway L . Highly recurrent TERT promoter mutations in human melanoma. Science. 2013; 339(6122):957-9. PMC: 4423787. DOI: 10.1126/science.1229259. View

Soura E, Eliades P, Shannon K, Stratigos A, Tsao H . Hereditary melanoma: Update on syndromes and management: Genetics of familial atypical multiple mole melanoma syndrome. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2016; 74(3):395-407. PMC: 4761105. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2015.08.038. View

Patton E, Widlund H, Kutok J, Kopani K, Amatruda J, Murphey R . BRAF mutations are sufficient to promote nevi formation and cooperate with p53 in the genesis of melanoma. Curr Biol. 2005; 15(3):249-54. DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2005.01.031. View

10.

Stark M, Denisova E, Kays T, Heidenreich B, Rachakonda S, Requena C . Mutation Signatures in Melanocytic Nevi Reveal Characteristics of Defective DNA Repair. J Invest Dermatol. 2020; 140(10):2093-2096.e2. DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.02.021. View

11.

Ji-Xu A, Dinnes J, Matin R . Total body photography for the diagnosis of cutaneous melanoma in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Dermatol. 2020; 185(2):302-312. DOI: 10.1111/bjd.19759. View

12.

Vredeveld L, Possik P, Smit M, Meissl K, Michaloglou C, Horlings H . Abrogation of BRAFV600E-induced senescence by PI3K pathway activation contributes to melanomagenesis. Genes Dev. 2012; 26(10):1055-69. PMC: 3360561. DOI: 10.1101/gad.187252.112. View

13.

Gallagher R, Rivers J, Yang C, McLean D, Coldman A, SILVER H . Melanocytic nevus density in Asian, Indo-Pakistani, and white children: the Vancouver Mole Study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1991; 25(3):507-12. DOI: 10.1016/0190-9622(91)70231-p. View

14.

Ferris L . Early Detection of Melanoma: Rethinking the Outcomes That Matter. JAMA Dermatol. 2021; 157(5):511-513. DOI: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2020.5650. View

15.

Kanada K, Merin M, Munden A, Friedlander S . A prospective study of cutaneous findings in newborns in the United States: correlation with race, ethnicity, and gestational status using updated classification and nomenclature. J Pediatr. 2012; 161(2):240-5. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2012.02.052. View

16.

Choi Y, Erlich T, von Franque M, Rachmin I, Flesher J, Schiferle E . Topical therapy for regression and melanoma prevention of congenital giant nevi. Cell. 2022; 185(12):2071-2085.e12. PMC: 9237838. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.04.025. View

17.

Koh U, Cust A, Fernandez-Penas P, Mann G, Morton R, Wolfe R . ACEMID cohort study: protocol of a prospective cohort study using 3D total body photography for melanoma imaging and diagnosis. BMJ Open. 2023; 13(9):e072788. PMC: 10546123. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072788. View

18.

Horn S, Figl A, Rachakonda P, Fischer C, Sucker A, Gast A . TERT promoter mutations in familial and sporadic melanoma. Science. 2013; 339(6122):959-61. DOI: 10.1126/science.1230062. View

19.

Duvic M, Lowe L, Rapini R, Rodriguez S, Levy M . Eruptive dysplastic nevi associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Arch Dermatol. 1989; 125(3):397-401. View

20.

Prieto V, Shea C . Immunohistochemistry of melanocytic proliferations. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2011; 135(7):853-9. DOI: 10.5858/2009-0717-RAR.1. View