Release of CD36-associated Cell-free Mitochondrial DNA and RNA As a Hallmark of Space Environment Response

Overview

Journal Nat Commun

Specialty Biology

Date 2024 Jun 11

PMID 38862469

Authors

Nailil Husna

Tatsuya Aiba

Shin-Ichiro Fujita

Yoshika Saito

Dai Shiba

Takashi Kudo

Satoru Takahashi

Satoshi Furukawa

Masafumi Muratani

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

A detailed understanding of how spaceflight affects human health is essential for long-term space exploration. Liquid biopsies allow for minimally-invasive multi-omics assessments that can resolve the molecular heterogeneity of internal tissues. Here, we report initial results from the JAXA Cell-Free Epigenome Study, a liquid biopsy study with six astronauts who resided on the International Space Station (ISS) for more than 120 days. Analysis of plasma cell-free RNA (cfRNA) collected before, during, and after spaceflight confirms previously reported mitochondrial dysregulation in space. Screening with 361 cell surface marker antibodies identifies a mitochondrial DNA-enriched fraction associated with the scavenger receptor CD36. RNA-sequencing of the CD36 fraction reveals tissue-enriched RNA species, suggesting the plasma mitochondrial components originated from various tissues. We compare our plasma cfRNA data to mouse plasma cfRNA data from a previous JAXA mission, which had used on-board artificial gravity, and discover a link between microgravity and the observed mitochondrial responses.

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