The Effect of Probiotic Supplementation on the Gut-Brain Axis in Psychiatric Patients

Overview

Journal Curr Issues Mol Biol

Publisher MDPI

Specialty Molecular Biology

Date 2023 May 26

PMID 37232729

Authors

Hussein Sabit

Areej Kassab

Donia Alaa

Shaza Mohamed

Shaimaa Abdel-Ghany

Mohamed Mansy

Osama A Said

Mona A Khalifa

Halah Hafiz

Asmaa M Abushady

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The pathophysiology of several psychiatric diseases may entail disturbances in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and metabolic pathways. Variations in how these effects present themselves may be connected to individual variances in clinical symptoms and treatment responses, such as the observation that a significant fraction of participants do not respond to current antipsychotic drugs. A bidirectional signaling pathway between the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract is known as the microbiota-gut-brain axis. The large and small intestines contain more than 100 trillion microbial cells, contributing to the intestinal ecosystem's incredible complexity. Interactions between the microbiota and intestinal epithelium can alter brain physiology and affect mood and behavior. There has recently been a focus on how these relationships impact mental health. According to evidence, intestinal microbiota may play a role in neurological and mental illnesses. Intestinal metabolites of microbial origin, such as short-chain fatty acids, tryptophan metabolites, and bacterial components that might stimulate the host's immune system, are mentioned in this review. We aim to shed some on the growing role of gut microbiota in inducing/manipulating several psychiatric disorders, which may pave the way for novel microbiota-based therapies.

Citing Articles

Limited Changes in Red Blood Cell Parameters After Probiotic Supplementation in Depressive Individuals: Insights from a Secondary Analysis of the PRO-DEMET Randomized Controlled Trial.

Gajewska A, Wysokinski A, Strzelecki D, Gawlik-Kotelnicka O J Clin Med. 2025; 14(1.

PMID: 39797347 PMC: 11721667. DOI: 10.3390/jcm14010265.

Neuroprotective effect of Bacillus subtilis in haloperidol induced rat model, targeting the microbiota-gut-brain axis.

Rout M, Kar D, Dubey D, Kispotta S, Sarangi P, Prusty S J Mol Histol. 2024; 56(1):18.

PMID: 39625518 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-024-10307-0.

Strain-specific effects of probiotics on depression and anxiety: a meta-analysis.

Rahmannia M, Poudineh M, Mirzaei R, Aalipour M, Shahidi Bonjar A, Goudarzi M Gut Pathog. 2024; 16(1):46.

PMID: 39245752 PMC: 11382490. DOI: 10.1186/s13099-024-00634-8.

Benefits and concerns of probiotics: an overview of the potential genotoxicity of the colibactin-producing Nissle 1917 strain.

Falzone L, Lavoro A, Candido S, Salmeri M, Zanghi A, Libra M Gut Microbes. 2024; 16(1):2397874.

PMID: 39229962 PMC: 11376418. DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2397874.

Probiotic Functions in Fermented Foods: Anti-Viral, Immunomodulatory, and Anti-Cancer Benefits.

Pyo Y, Kwon K, Jung Y Foods. 2024; 13(15).

PMID: 39123577 PMC: 11311591. DOI: 10.3390/foods13152386.

References

Taylor A, Holscher H . A review of dietary and microbial connections to depression, anxiety, and stress. Nutr Neurosci. 2018; 23(3):237-250. DOI: 10.1080/1028415X.2018.1493808. View

Ilie O, Ciobica A, McKenna J, Doroftei B, Mavroudis I . Minireview on the Relations between Gut Microflora and Parkinson's Disease: Further Biochemical (Oxidative Stress), Inflammatory, and Neurological Particularities. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2020; 2020:4518023. PMC: 7025076. DOI: 10.1155/2020/4518023. View

Morkl S, Butler M, Holl A, Cryan J, Dinan T . Probiotics and the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis: Focus on Psychiatry. Curr Nutr Rep. 2020; 9(3):171-182. PMC: 7398953. DOI: 10.1007/s13668-020-00313-5. View

Gondalia S, Parkinson L, Stough C, Scholey A . Gut microbiota and bipolar disorder: a review of mechanisms and potential targets for adjunctive therapy. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2019; 236(5):1433-1443. DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-05248-6. View

Witusik A, Pietras T . Music therapy as a complementary form of therapy for mental disorders. Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2020; 47(282):240-243. View

Del Castillo E, Meier R, Chung M, Koestler D, Chen T, Paster B . The Microbiomes of Pancreatic and Duodenum Tissue Overlap and Are Highly Subject Specific but Differ between Pancreatic Cancer and Noncancer Subjects. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2018; 28(2):370-383. PMC: 6363867. DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-18-0542. View

de Weerth C . Do bacteria shape our development? Crosstalk between intestinal microbiota and HPA axis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2017; 83:458-471. DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.09.016. View

Ranuh R, Athiyyah A, Darma A, Risky V, Riawan W, Surono I . Effect of the probiotic IS-10506 on BDNF and 5HT stimulation: role of intestinal microbiota on the gut-brain axis. Iran J Microbiol. 2019; 11(2):145-150. PMC: 6635314. View

Park S, Hwang B, Lim M, Ok S, Lee S, Chun K . Oral-Gut Microbiome Axis in Gastrointestinal Disease and Cancer. Cancers (Basel). 2021; 13(9). PMC: 8125773. DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092124. View

10.

Ding H, Taur Y, Walkup J . Gut Microbiota and Autism: Key Concepts and Findings. J Autism Dev Disord. 2016; 47(2):480-489. DOI: 10.1007/s10803-016-2960-9. View

11.

Dinan T, Cryan J . Brain-Gut-Microbiota Axis and Mental Health. Psychosom Med. 2017; 79(8):920-926. DOI: 10.1097/PSY.0000000000000519. View

12.

Ng K, Aranda-Diaz A, Tropini C, Frankel M, Van Treuren W, OLoughlin C . Recovery of the Gut Microbiota after Antibiotics Depends on Host Diet, Community Context, and Environmental Reservoirs. Cell Host Microbe. 2019; 26(5):650-665.e4. PMC: 8276089. DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2019.10.011. View

13.

Islam S . Clinical Uses of Probiotics. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016; 95(5):e2658. PMC: 4748908. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000002658. View

14.

Rosenberg E, Zilber-Rosenberg I . Reconstitution and Transmission of Gut Microbiomes and Their Genes between Generations. Microorganisms. 2022; 10(1). PMC: 8780831. DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10010070. View

15.

da Silva T, Reynaud F, de Souza Picciani P, de Holanda E Silva K, Nogueira Barradas T . Chitosan-based films containing nanoemulsions of methyl salicylate: Formulation development, physical-chemical and in vitro drug release characterization. Int J Biol Macromol. 2020; 164:2558-2568. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.117. View

16.

Cussotto S, Clarke G, Dinan T, Cryan J . Psychotropics and the Microbiome: a Chamber of Secrets…. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2019; 236(5):1411-1432. PMC: 6598948. DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-5185-8. View

17.

LeBlanc J, Chain F, Martin R, Bermudez-Humaran L, Courau S, Langella P . Beneficial effects on host energy metabolism of short-chain fatty acids and vitamins produced by commensal and probiotic bacteria. Microb Cell Fact. 2017; 16(1):79. PMC: 5423028. DOI: 10.1186/s12934-017-0691-z. View

18.

Knezevic J, Starchl C, Tmava Berisha A, Amrein K . Thyroid-Gut-Axis: How Does the Microbiota Influence Thyroid Function?. Nutrients. 2020; 12(6). PMC: 7353203. DOI: 10.3390/nu12061769. View

19.

Painold A, Morkl S, Kashofer K, Halwachs B, Dalkner N, Bengesser S . A step ahead: Exploring the gut microbiota in inpatients with bipolar disorder during a depressive episode. Bipolar Disord. 2018; 21(1):40-49. PMC: 6585963. DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12682. View

20.

El-Moneim A, El-Wardany I, Abu-Taleb A, Wakwak M, Ebeid T, Saleh A . Assessment of In Ovo Administration of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Bifidobacterium longum on Performance, Ileal Histomorphometry, Blood Hematological, and Biochemical Parameters of Broilers. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. 2019; 12(2):439-450. DOI: 10.1007/s12602-019-09549-2. View