Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease 2023 Report: GOLD Executive Summary

Yin P, Jiang C, Cheng K, Lam T, Lam K, Miller M . Passive smoking exposure and risk of COPD among adults in China: the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study. Lancet. 2007; 370(9589):751-7. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61378-6. View

Fekri M, Torabi M, Azizi Shoul S, Mirzaee M . Prevalence and predictors associated with severe pulmonary hypertension in COPD. Am J Emerg Med. 2017; 36(2):277-280. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2017.08.014. View

Cleutjens F, Franssen F, Spruit M, Vanfleteren L, Gijsen C, Dijkstra J . Domain-specific cognitive impairment in patients with COPD and control subjects. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2016; 12:1-11. PMC: 5182042. DOI: 10.2147/COPD.S119633. View

. Continuous or nocturnal oxygen therapy in hypoxemic chronic obstructive lung disease: a clinical trial. Nocturnal Oxygen Therapy Trial Group. Ann Intern Med. 1980; 93(3):391-8. DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-93-3-391. View

Aberle D, Adams A, Berg C, Black W, Clapp J, Fagerstrom R . Reduced lung-cancer mortality with low-dose computed tomographic screening. N Engl J Med. 2011; 365(5):395-409. PMC: 4356534. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1102873. View

Bhatt S, Balte P, Schwartz J, Cassano P, Couper D, Jacobs Jr D . Discriminative Accuracy of FEV1:FVC Thresholds for COPD-Related Hospitalization and Mortality. JAMA. 2019; 321(24):2438-2447. PMC: 6593636. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2019.7233. View

Aaron S, Tan W, Bourbeau J, Sin D, Loves R, MacNeil J . Diagnostic Instability and Reversals of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Diagnosis in Individuals with Mild to Moderate Airflow Obstruction. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2017; 196(3):306-314. DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201612-2531OC. View

Hurst J, Vestbo J, Anzueto A, Locantore N, Mullerova H, Tal-Singer R . Susceptibility to exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med. 2010; 363(12):1128-38. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa0909883. View

Albert P, Agusti A, Edwards L, Tal-Singer R, Yates J, Bakke P . Bronchodilator responsiveness as a phenotypic characteristic of established chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thorax. 2012; 67(8):701-8. DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2011-201458. View

10.

Hoogendoorn M, Hoogenveen R, Rutten-van Molken M, Vestbo J, Feenstra T . Case fatality of COPD exacerbations: a meta-analysis and statistical modelling approach. Eur Respir J. 2010; 37(3):508-15. DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00043710. View

11.

Agusti A, Rapsomaniki E, Beasley R, Hughes R, Mullerova H, Papi A . Treatable traits in the NOVELTY study. Respirology. 2022; 27(11):929-940. PMC: 9795904. DOI: 10.1111/resp.14325. View

12.

Rawlins E, Okubo T, Xue Y, Brass D, Auten R, Hasegawa H . The role of Scgb1a1+ Clara cells in the long-term maintenance and repair of lung airway, but not alveolar, epithelium. Cell Stem Cell. 2009; 4(6):525-34. PMC: 2730729. DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2009.04.002. View

13.

Reddel H, Bacharier L, Bateman E, Brightling C, Brusselle G, Buhl R . Global Initiative for Asthma Strategy 2021: Executive Summary and Rationale for Key Changes. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2021; 205(1):17-35. PMC: 8865583. DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202109-2205PP. View

14.

Agusti A, Faner R . Lung function trajectories in health and disease. Lancet Respir Med. 2019; 7(4):358-364. DOI: 10.1016/S2213-2600(18)30529-0. View

15.

Maurer J, Rebbapragada V, Borson S, Goldstein R, Kunik M, Yohannes A . Anxiety and depression in COPD: current understanding, unanswered questions, and research needs. Chest. 2008; 134(4 Suppl):43S-56S. PMC: 2849676. DOI: 10.1378/chest.08-0342. View

16.

Agusti A, Noell G, Brugada J, Faner R . Lung function in early adulthood and health in later life: a transgenerational cohort analysis. Lancet Respir Med. 2017; 5(12):935-945. DOI: 10.1016/S2213-2600(17)30434-4. View

17.

Fishman A, Martinez F, Naunheim K, Piantadosi S, Wise R, Ries A . A randomized trial comparing lung-volume-reduction surgery with medical therapy for severe emphysema. N Engl J Med. 2003; 348(21):2059-73. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa030287. View

18.

Townend J, Minelli C, Mortimer K, Obaseki D, Al Ghobain M, Cherkaski H . The association between chronic airflow obstruction and poverty in 12 sites of the multinational BOLD study. Eur Respir J. 2017; 49(6). DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01880-2016. View

19.

Divo M, Cote C, de Torres J, Casanova C, Marin J, Pinto-Plata V . Comorbidities and risk of mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2012; 186(2):155-61. DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201201-0034OC. View

20.

Gunen H, Tarraf H, Nemati A, Al Ghobain M, Al Mutairi S, Aoun Bacha Z . Waterpipe tobacco smoking. Tuberk Toraks. 2016; 64(1):94-6. DOI: 10.5578/tt.13935. View