Rapid Spread and Genetic Characterisation of a Recently Emerged Recombinant Lumpy Skin Disease Virus in Thailand

Overview

Journal Vet Sci

Publisher MDPI

Specialty Veterinary Medicine

Date 2022 Oct 26

PMID 36288155

Authors

Nutthakarn Suwankitwat

Tapanut Songkasupa

Prakit Boonpornprasert

Phurida Sripipattanakul

Sirin Theerawatanasirikul

Taweewat Deemagarn

Minta Suwannaboon

Orapun Arjkumpa

Noppawan Buamithup

Akkarapol Hongsawat

Sirima Jindajang

Nawakarn Nipaeng

Dilok Aunpomma

Lamul Molee

Kanokwan Puangjinda

Walaiporn Lohlamoh

Bandit Nuansrichay

Rawint Narawongsanont

Pipat Arunvipas

Porntippa Lekcharoensuk

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The emergence of the lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) was first detected in north-eastern Thailand in March 2021. Since then, the abrupt increase of LSD cases was observed throughout the country as outbreaks have spread rapidly to 64 out of a total of 77 provinces within four months. Blood, milk, and nodular skin samples collected from affected animals have been diagnosed by real-time PCR targeting the gene. LSDV was isolated by primary lamb testis (PLT) cells, followed by Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells, and confirmed by immunoperoxidase monolayer assay (IPMA). Histopathology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) of a skin lesion showed inclusion bodies in keratinocytes and skin epithelial cells. Phylogenetic analyses of and genes, and the whole genome revealed that Thai viruses were closely related to the vaccine-derived recombinant LSDV strains found previously in China and Vietnam. Recombination analysis confirmed that the Thai LSDV possesses a mosaic hybrid genome containing the vaccine virus DNA as the backbone and a field strain DNA as the minor donor. This is an inclusive report on the disease distributions, complete diagnoses, and genetic characterisation of LSDV during the first wave of LSD outbreaks in Thailand.

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