Use of Buccal Fat Pad-derived Stem Cells Cultured on Bioceramics for Repair of Critical-sized Mandibular Defects in Healthy and Osteoporotic Rats

Overview

Journal Clin Oral Investig

Specialty Dentistry

Date 2022 May 7

PMID 35524820

Authors

Fabio Camacho-Alonso

M R Tudela-Mulero

J A Navarro

A J Buendia

A M Mercado-Diaz

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objective: To compare new bone formation in mandibular symphysis critical-sized bone defects (CSBDs) in healthy and osteoporotic rats filled with bioceramics (BCs) with or without buccal fat pad mesenchymal stem cells (BFPSCs).

Materials And Methods: Thirty-two adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to two groups (n = 16 per group): group 1 healthy and group 2 osteoporotic (with bilateral ovariectomy). The central portion of the rat mandibular symphysis was used as a physiological CSBD. In each group, eight defects were filled with BC (hydroxyapatite 60% and β-tricalcium phosphate 40%) alone and eight with BFPSCs cultured on BC. The animals were sacrificed at 4 and 8 weeks, and the mandibles were processed for micro-computed tomography to analyze radiological union and bone mineral density (BMD); histological analysis of the bone union; and immunohistochemical analysis, which included immunoreactivity of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2).

Results: In both groups, CSBDs filled with BC + BFPSCs showed greater radiological bone union, BMD and histological bone union, and more VEGF and BMP-2 positivity, compared with CSBDs treated with BC alone at 4 and 8 weeks.

Conclusions: The application of BFPSCs cultured on BCs improves bone regeneration in CSBDs compared with BCs alone in healthy and osteoporotic rats.

Clinical Relevance: Our results may aid bone regeneration of maxillofacial CSBDs of both healthy and osteoporotic patients, but further studies are necessary.

Citing Articles

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