» Articles » PMID: 35352927

Discovery of S-217622, a Noncovalent Oral SARS-CoV-2 3CL Protease Inhibitor Clinical Candidate for Treating COVID-19

Abstract

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in millions of deaths and threatens public health and safety. Despite the rapid global spread of COVID-19 vaccines, effective oral antiviral drugs are urgently needed. Here, we describe the discovery of , the first oral noncovalent, nonpeptidic SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease inhibitor clinical candidate. was discovered via virtual screening followed by biological screening of an in-house compound library, and optimization of the hit compound using a structure-based drug design strategy. exhibited antiviral activity against current outbreaking SARS-CoV-2 variants and showed favorable pharmacokinetic profiles for once-daily oral dosing. Furthermore, dose-dependently inhibited intrapulmonary replication of SARS-CoV-2 in mice, indicating that this novel noncovalent inhibitor could be a potential oral agent for treating COVID-19.

Citing Articles

Dihydropyrimidine-2-thione derivatives as SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitors: synthesis, SAR and profiling.

Saeed A, Tahir A, Shah M, Hussain F, Sadiq A, Rashid U RSC Adv. 2025; 15(8):6424-6440.

PMID: 40013067 PMC: 11864037. DOI: 10.1039/d4ra08449g.


Identifying Inhibitor-SARS-CoV2-3CL Binding Mechanism Through Molecular Docking, GaMD Simulations, Correlation Network Analysis and MM-GBSA Calculations.

Chen J, Wang J, Yang W, Zhao L, Xu X Molecules. 2025; 30(4).

PMID: 40005117 PMC: 11857935. DOI: 10.3390/molecules30040805.


Evaluating the structure-based virtual screening performance of SARS-CoV-2 main protease: A benchmarking approach and a multistage screening example against the wild-type and Omicron variants.

Galal N, Beshay B, Soliman O, Ismail M, Abdelfadil M, El-Hadidi M PLoS One. 2025; 20(2):e0318712.

PMID: 39970175 PMC: 11838920. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0318712.


Design of quinoline SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease inhibitors as oral antiviral drug candidates.

Jadhav P, Liang X, Ansari A, Tan B, Tan H, Li K Nat Commun. 2025; 16(1):1604.

PMID: 39948104 PMC: 11825904. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-56902-x.


Potent SARS-CoV-2 3C-like protease inhibitor ( +)-eupenoxide-3,6-diketone (IC: 0.048 μM) was synthesized based on ( +)-eupenoxide; lead from ( +)-eupenoxide analogs study by endophytic fermentation.

Maehara S, Kumamoto M, Nakajima S, Hieda Y, Watashi K, Hata T J Nat Med. 2025; 79(2):357-370.

PMID: 39899217 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-024-01874-3.


References
1.
Qiao J, Li Y, Zeng R, Liu F, Luo R, Huang C . SARS-CoV-2 M inhibitors with antiviral activity in a transgenic mouse model. Science. 2021; 371(6536):1374-1378. PMC: 8099175. DOI: 10.1126/science.abf1611. View

2.
Sastry G, Adzhigirey M, Day T, Annabhimoju R, Sherman W . Protein and ligand preparation: parameters, protocols, and influence on virtual screening enrichments. J Comput Aided Mol Des. 2013; 27(3):221-34. DOI: 10.1007/s10822-013-9644-8. View

3.
Agbowuro A, Huston W, Gamble A, Tyndall J . Proteases and protease inhibitors in infectious diseases. Med Res Rev. 2017; 38(4):1295-1331. DOI: 10.1002/med.21475. View

4.
Murshudov G, Vagin A, Dodson E . Refinement of macromolecular structures by the maximum-likelihood method. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 1997; 53(Pt 3):240-55. DOI: 10.1107/S0907444996012255. View

5.
Friesner R, Banks J, Murphy R, Halgren T, Klicic J, Mainz D . Glide: a new approach for rapid, accurate docking and scoring. 1. Method and assessment of docking accuracy. J Med Chem. 2004; 47(7):1739-49. DOI: 10.1021/jm0306430. View