Long-term in Vivo Operation of Implanted Cardiac Nanogenerators in Swine

Overview

Journal Nano Energy

Publisher Elsevier

Date 2021 Nov 5

PMID 34737918

Citations 4

Authors

Jun Li

Timothy A Hacker

Hao Wei

Yin Long

Fan Yang

Dalong Ni

Allison Rodgers

Weibo Cai

Xudong Wang

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Implantable nanogenerators (i-NG) provide power to cardiovascular implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) by harvesting biomechanical energy locally eliminating the need for batteries. However, its long-term operation and biological influences on the heart have not been tested. Here, we evaluate a soft and flexible i-NG system engineered for long-term in vivo cardiac implantation. It consisted of i-NG, leads, and receivers, and was implanted on the epicardium of swine hearts for 2 months. The i-NG system generated electric current throughout the testing period. Biocompatibility and biosafety were established based on normal blood and serum test results and no tissue reactions. Heart function was unchanged over the testing period as validated by normal electrocardiogram (ECG), transthoracic ultrasound, and invasive cardiac functional measures. This research demonstrates the safety, long term operation and therefore the feasibility of using i-NGs to power the next generation CIEDs.

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