Laccase As a Tool in Building Advanced Lignin-Based Materials

Overview

Journal ChemSusChem

Specialty Chemistry

Date 2021 Aug 16

PMID 34399033

Citations 23

Authors

Melissa B Agustin

Danila Morais de Carvalho

Maarit H Lahtinen

Kristiina Hilden

Taina Lundell

Kirsi S Mikkonen

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Lignin is an abundant natural feedstock that offers great potential as a renewable substitute for fossil-based resources. Its polyaromatic structure and unique properties have attracted significant research efforts. The advantages of an enzymatic over chemical or thermal approach to construct or deconstruct lignins are that it operates in mild conditions, requires less energy, and usually uses non-toxic chemicals. Laccase is a widely investigated oxidative enzyme that can catalyze the polymerization and depolymerization of lignin. Its dual nature causes a challenge in controlling the overall direction of lignin-laccase catalysis. In this Review, the factors that affect laccase-catalyzed lignin polymerization were summarized, evaluated, and compared to identify key features that favor lignin polymerization. In addition, a critical assessment of the conditions that enable production of novel lignin hybrids via laccase-catalyzed grafting was presented. To assess the industrial relevance of laccase-assisted lignin valorization, patented applications were surveyed and industrial challenges and opportunities were analyzed. Finally, our perspective in realizing the full potential of laccase in building lignin-based materials for advanced applications was deduced from analysis of the limitations governing laccase-assisted lignin polymerization and grafting.

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