Demographics of Cystic Echinococcosis Patients Treated Surgically in Lahore, Pakistan: A Single Centre Study from 2007 - 2018

Overview

Journal Helminthologia

Publisher De Gruyter

Date 2021 Jul 12

PMID 34248376

Citations 6

Authors

Q Rasib

A Khan

H Ahmed

S Nizamuddin

F Asif

M S Afzal

S Simsek

F Khurshid

S Irum

N Hussain

S Riaz

S S Khan

C M Budke

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic disease caused by the larval stage of tapeworms. These parasites have a worldwide geographic distribution and pose a serious threat to livestock industry as well as human health in the endemic areas. CE is widely distributed in Pakistan. However, very few reports are available related to the regional transmission of . A retrospective analysis was conducted of surgically confirmed CE patients who were treated at Shoukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre in Lahore, Punjab Province, Pakistan from 2007 - 2018. In total, 536 CE patients were evaluated during the study period. Cases originated from the provinces of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (n=336), Punjab (n=147), Baluchistan (n=18), Sindh (n=3), Islamabad (n=2), Gilgit Baltistan (n=1), and Azad Jammu and Kashmir (n=1). An additional 28 cases were from Afghanistan. The highest number of CE cases was reported in 2013 (n=90). Females made up a larger proportion of cases (n=310; 57.8 %) than males (n=226; 42.2 %). Most patients were members of the Pashtun (n=197; 36.7 %), Hindku (n=142; 26.5 %), and Punjabi (n=118; 22.0 %) ethnic groups. The largest number of cysts was obtained from the liver (137/536; 25.6 %). This study showed that CE is likely present throughout Pakistan. In order to control the disease, a comprehensive control program and regional surveillance are needed.

Citing Articles

Differential Activity of Human Leukocyte Extract on Systemic Immune Response and Cyst Growth in Mice with Infection After Oral, Subcutaneous and Intraperitoneal Routes of Administration.

Ciglanova D, Jurcackova Z, Mudronova D, Dvoroznakova E, Hrckova G Helminthologia. 2023; 59(4):341-356.

PMID: 36875680 PMC: 9979067. DOI: 10.2478/helm-2022-0038.

Co-Treatment with Human Leukocyte Extract and Albendazole Stimulates Drug's Efficacy and Th1 Biased Immune Response in (Cestoda) Infection via Modulation of Transcription Factors, Macrophage Polarization, and Cytokine Profiles.

Hrckova G, Macak Kubaskova T, Mudronova D, Jurcackova Z, Ciglanova D Pharmaceutics. 2023; 15(2).

PMID: 36839863 PMC: 9962889. DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020541.

First genetic characterization of human cystic echinococcosis in Uruguay.

Figueredo E, Liporace V, Mourglia-Ettlin G, Avila H, Rosa D, Rosenzvit M Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2022; 46:e177.

PMID: 36245908 PMC: 9553022. DOI: 10.26633/RPSP.2022.177.

A Retrospective Cohort Study on Human Cystic Echinococcosis in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province (Pakistan) Based on 16 Years of Hospital Discharge Records.

Khan H, Casulli A, Harandi M, Afzal M, Saqib M, Ahmed H Pathogens. 2022; 11(2).

PMID: 35215137 PMC: 8876560. DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11020194.

Detection of Anti- Antibodies in Humans: An Update from Pakistan.

Khan H, Ahmed H, Afzal M, Awan U, Khurram M, Simsek S Pathogens. 2022; 11(1).

PMID: 35055977 PMC: 8781053. DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11010029.

References

Ghartimagar D, Ghosh A, Shrestha M, Talwar O, Sathian B . 14 years hospital based study on clinical and morphological spectrum of hydatid disease. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc. 2013; 52(190):349-53. View

Khan A, Ahmed H, Khan H, Simsek S, Kilinc S, Kesik H . First report of Echinococcus canadensis (G6/G7) by sequence analysis from the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Acta Trop. 2020; 209:105559. DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105559. View

Khan A, Ahmed H, Simsek S . War, migration and Cystic Echinococcosis. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2018; 28:111-112. DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2018.09.012. View

Butt A, Khan J . Cystic echinococcosis: a 10-year experience from a middle-income country. Trop Doct. 2019; 50(2):117-121. DOI: 10.1177/0049475519891338. View

Mousavi S, Samsami M, Fallah M, Zirakzadeh H . A retrospective survey of human hydatidosis based on hospital records during the period of 10 years. J Parasit Dis. 2013; 36(1):7-9. PMC: 3284625. DOI: 10.1007/s12639-011-0093-9. View

Mahmoudi S, Mamishi S, Banar M, Pourakbari B, Keshavarz H . Epidemiology of echinococcosis in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis. 2019; 19(1):929. PMC: 6830007. DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-4458-5. View

Khan A, Zahoor S, Ahmed H, Malik U, Butt R, Muzam M . A Retrospective Analysis on the Cystic Echinococcosis Cases Occured in Northeastern Punjab Province, Pakistan. Korean J Parasitol. 2018; 56(4):385-390. PMC: 6137298. DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2018.56.4.385. View

Khan A, Ahmed H, Khan H, Saleem S, Simsek S, Brunetti E . Cystic Echinococcosis in Pakistan: A Review of Reported Cases, Diagnosis, and Management. Acta Trop. 2020; 212:105709. DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105709. View

Khan A, Ahmed H, Budke C . Echinococcosis in Pakistan: a call for research. Lancet Infect Dis. 2019; 19(6):581. DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(19)30221-X. View

10.

Lotsch F, Naderer J, Skuhala T, Groger M, Auer H, Kaczirek K . Intra-cystic concentrations of albendazole-sulphoxide in human cystic echinococcosis: a systematic review and analysis of individual patient data. Parasitol Res. 2016; 115(8):2995-3001. PMC: 4958128. DOI: 10.1007/s00436-016-5054-x. View

11.

Conchedda M, Antonelli A, Caddori A, Gabriele F . A retrospective analysis of human cystic echinococcosis in Sardinia (Italy), an endemic Mediterranean region, from 2001 to 2005. Parasitol Int. 2010; 59(3):454-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2010.06.008. View

12.

Khan A, Ahmed H, Simsek S, Liu H, Yin J, Wang Y . Molecular characterization of human Echinococcus isolates and the first report of E. canadensis (G6/G7) and E. multilocularis from the Punjab Province of Pakistan using sequence analysis. BMC Infect Dis. 2020; 20(1):262. PMC: 7118937. DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-04989-6. View

13.

Ahmed H, Ali S, Afzal M, Khan A, Raza H, Shah Z . Why more research needs to be done on echinococcosis in Pakistan. Infect Dis Poverty. 2017; 6(1):90. PMC: 5494903. DOI: 10.1186/s40249-017-0309-z. View

14.

Andalib Aliabadi Z, Berenji F, Fata A, Jarahi L . Human Hydatidosis/Echinococosis in North Eastern Iran from 2003-2012. Iran J Parasitol. 2016; 10(4):658-62. PMC: 4724845. View

15.

Tamarozzi F, Akhan O, Cretu C, Vutova K, Akinci D, Chipeva R . Prevalence of abdominal cystic echinococcosis in rural Bulgaria, Romania, and Turkey: a cross-sectional, ultrasound-based, population study from the HERACLES project. Lancet Infect Dis. 2018; 18(7):769-778. DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30221-4. View

16.

Khan A, Ahmed H, Naz K, Gul S, Ishaque S, Zaidi S . Surgically confirmed cases of cystic echinococcosis from Baluchistan Province, Pakistan for the years 2011-2018. Acta Trop. 2020; 205:105354. DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105354. View

17.

Junghanss T, Menezes da Silva A, Horton J, Chiodini P, Brunetti E . Clinical management of cystic echinococcosis: state of the art, problems, and perspectives. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2008; 79(3):301-11. View

18.

Torgerson P . The emergence of echinococcosis in central Asia. Parasitology. 2013; 140(13):1667-73. DOI: 10.1017/S0031182013000516. View

19.

Kebede N, Mitiku A, Tilahun G . Retrospective survey of human hydatidosis in Bahir Dar, north-western Ethiopia. East Mediterr Health J. 2011; 16(9):937-41. View

20.

Ernest E, Nonga H, Kynsieri N, Cleaveland S . A retrospective survey of human hydatidosis based on hospital records during the period 1990-2003 in Ngorongoro, Tanzania. Zoonoses Public Health. 2009; 57(7-8):e124-9. DOI: 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2009.01297.x. View