» Articles » PMID: 33347867

Targeting Akt-associated MicroRNAs for Cancer Therapeutics

Overview
Date 2020 Dec 21
PMID 33347867
Citations 17
Authors
Affiliations
Soon will be listed here.
Abstract

The uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells because of activating protooncogenes and/or inactivating tumor suppressor genes are the hallmarks of cancer. The PI3K/Akt signaling is one of the most frequently activated pathways in cancer cells responsible for the regulation of cell survival and proliferation in stress and hypoxic conditions during oncogenesis. Non-coding RNAs are a large family of RNAs that are not involved in protein-coding, and microRNAs (miRNAs) are a sub-set of non-coding RNAs with a single strand of 18-25 nucleotides. miRNAs are extensively involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression and play an extensive role in the regulatory mechanisms including cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and tumorigenesis. The impact of cancer on mRNA stability and translation efficiency is extensive and therefore, cancerous tissues exhibit drastic alterations in the expression of miRNAs. miRNAs can be modulated by utilizing techniques such as miRNA mimics, miRNA antagonists, or CRISPR/Cas9. In addition to their capacity as potential targets in cancer therapy, they can be used as reliable biomarkers to diagnose the disease at the earliest stage. Recent evidence indicates that microRNA-mediated gene regulation intersects with the Akt pathway, forming an Akt-microRNA regulatory network. miRNAs and Akt in this network operate together to exert their cellular tasks. In the current review, we discuss the Akt-associated miRNAs in several cancers, their molecular regulation, and how this newly emerging knowledge may contribute greatly to revolutionize cancer therapy.

Citing Articles

The essential roles of lncRNAs/PI3K/AKT axis in gastrointestinal tumors.

Li P, Ma X, Gu X Front Cell Dev Biol. 2024; 12:1442193.

PMID: 39161590 PMC: 11330846. DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1442193.


Deguelin Restores Paclitaxel Sensitivity in Paclitaxel-Resistant Ovarian Cancer Cells via Inhibition of the EGFR Signaling Pathway.

Bae S, Bae S, Kim H, Lim Y, Kim G, Park I Cancer Manag Res. 2024; 16:507-525.

PMID: 38827785 PMC: 11144006. DOI: 10.2147/CMAR.S457221.


Role of Recognition MicroRNAs in and Interactions.

Luo J, Tan Y, Zhao S, Ren Q, Guan G, Luo J Pathogens. 2024; 13(4).

PMID: 38668243 PMC: 11054001. DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13040288.


The Role of microRNAs in Gene Expression and Signaling Response of Tumor Cells to an Acidic Environment.

Riemann A, Rauschner M, Reime S, Thews O Int J Mol Sci. 2023; 24(23).

PMID: 38069241 PMC: 10707721. DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316919.


The Circular RNA circFOXK2 Enhances the Tumorigenesis of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Through the miR-149-3p/IL-6 Axis.

Xiang T, Chen L, Wang H, Yu T, Li T, Li J Biochem Genet. 2023; 62(1):95-111.

PMID: 37256441 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10394-w.


References
1.
Rodriguez A, Griffiths-Jones S, Ashurst J, Bradley A . Identification of mammalian microRNA host genes and transcription units. Genome Res. 2004; 14(10A):1902-10. PMC: 524413. DOI: 10.1101/gr.2722704. View

2.
Titze-de-Almeida R, David C, Titze-de-Almeida S . The Race of 10 Synthetic RNAi-Based Drugs to the Pharmaceutical Market. Pharm Res. 2017; 34(7):1339-1363. DOI: 10.1007/s11095-017-2134-2. View

3.
Chang H, Yi B, Ma R, Zhang X, Zhao H, Xi Y . CRISPR/cas9, a novel genomic tool to knock down microRNA in vitro and in vivo. Sci Rep. 2016; 6:22312. PMC: 4770416. DOI: 10.1038/srep22312. View

4.
Lovat F, Fassan M, Gasparini P, Rizzotto L, Cascione L, Pizzi M . miR-15b/16-2 deletion promotes B-cell malignancies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015; 112(37):11636-41. PMC: 4577143. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1514954112. View

5.
Xu J, Pan X, Hu Z . MiR-502 mediates esophageal cancer cell TE1 proliferation by promoting AKT phosphorylation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2018; 501(1):119-123. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.04.188. View