Vitamin D Deficiency Is Associated with COVID-19 Incidence and Disease Severity in Chinese People [corrected]

Overview

Journal J Nutr

Publisher Elsevier

Specialty Nutritional Sciences

Date 2020 Nov 14

PMID 33188401

Citations 58

Authors

Xia Luo

Qing Liao

Ying Shen

Huijun Li

Liming Cheng

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Vitamin D might have beneficial potential in influencing the natural history of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties.

Objective: The aim was to investigate whether vitamin D deficiency is associated with COVID-19 incidence and disease severity in Chinese people.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study we retrospectively analyzed 335 COVID-19 patients (median: 56.0; IQR: 43.0-64.0 y) who were admitted to the Wuhan Tongji Hospital between 27 February and 21 March 2020. We also included an age- and sex-matched population of 560 individuals (median: 55; IQR: 49.0-60.0 y) who underwent the physical examination program. Their serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations were measured during the same period from 2018-2019. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured for all COVID-19 patients on admission. Severity of COVID-19 was determined based on the level of respiratory involvement. A general linear model with adjustment for covariates was used to compare 25(OH)D concentrations between the COVID-19 and 2018-2019 control groups. Adjusted ORs with 95% CIs for associations between vitamin D status and COVID-19 severity were estimated via multivariable logistic regression.

Results: In the general linear model adjusted for age, sex, comorbidities, and BMI, serum 25(OH)D concentrations were significantly lower among COVID-19 patients than the 2018-2019 controls [ln transformed values of 3.32 ± 0.04 vs. 3.46 ± 0.022 ln (nmol/L), P = 0.014]. Multivariable logistic regression showed that male sex (OR: 2.26; 95% CI: 1.06, 4.82), advanced age (≥65 y) (OR: 4.93; 95% CI: 1.44, 16.9), and vitamin D deficiency (<30 nmol/L) (OR: 2.72; 95% CI: 1.23, 6.01) were significantly associated with COVID-19 severity (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions: These findings suggested that vitamin D deficiency impacts COVID-19 hospitalization and severity in the Chinese population.

Citing Articles

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Association of Serum Vitamin D level and COVID-19 infection: A Case-control Study.

Alyafei N, Jaleel B, Abdel-Salam A, Ali Al-Saadi H, Al Abdulla S Qatar Med J. 2022; 2022(4):48.

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