Synergistic Anticancer Therapy by Ovalbumin Encapsulation-Enabled Tandem Reactive Oxygen Species Generation
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The anticancer efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) is limited due to the hypoxic features of solid tumors. We report synergistic PDT/chemotherapy with integrated tandem Fenton reactions mediated by ovalbumin encapsulation for improved in vivo anticancer therapy via an enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation mechanism. O produced by the PDT is converted to H O by superoxide dismutase, followed by the transformation of H O to the highly toxic OH via Fenton reactions by Fe originating from the dissolution of co-loaded Fe O nanoparticles. The PDT process further facilitates the endosomal/lysosomal escape of the active agents and enhances their intracellular delivery to the nucleus-even for drug-resistant cells. Cisplatin generates O in the presence of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase and thereby improves the treatment efficiency by serving as an additional O source for production of OH radicals. Improved anticancer efficiency is achieved under both hypoxic and normoxic conditions.
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