Regulation of Autophagy in Cells Infected With Oncogenic Human Viruses and Its Impact on Cancer Development

Overview

Journal Front Cell Dev Biol

Specialty Cell Biology

Date 2020 Mar 18

PMID 32181249

Citations 22

Authors

Tiziana Vescovo

Benedetta Pagni

Mauro Piacentini

Gian Maria Fimia

Manuela Antonioli

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

About 20% of total cancer cases are associated to infections. To date, seven human viruses have been directly linked to cancer development: high-risk human papillomaviruses (hrHPVs), Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), and human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1). These viruses impact on several molecular mechanisms in the host cells, often resulting in chronic inflammation, uncontrolled proliferation, and cell death inhibition, and mechanisms, which favor viral life cycle but may indirectly promote tumorigenesis. Recently, the ability of oncogenic viruses to alter autophagy, a catabolic process activated during the innate immune response to infections, is emerging as a key event for the onset of human cancers. Here, we summarize the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which human oncogenic viruses regulate autophagy and how this negative regulation impacts on cancer development. Finally, we highlight novel autophagy-related candidates for the treatment of virus-related cancers.

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