Immune Activation in Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders

Overview

Journal Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y)

Specialty Gastroenterology

Date 2019 Dec 6

PMID 31802978

Citations 13

Authors

Grace Burns

Jennifer Pryor

Gerald Holtmann

Marjorie M Walker

Nicholas J Talley

Simon Keely

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

There is growing appreciation that functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) such as functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome are heterogeneous conditions linked by subtle inflammation within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The literature suggests that while the symptoms of these diseases may manifest with similar clinical presentations, there are significant differences in triggers and disease severity among patients classified into the same subtype. It is hypothesized that the subtle inflammation observed in these patients is related to an imbalance in GI homeostasis. Disruption of the delicate homeostatic balance within the GI tract can result from any number or combination of factors, including dysbiosis, loss of barrier integrity, genetic predisposition, or immune responses to dietary or luminal antigens. This article discusses the interplay between the immune system, microbiota, and luminal environment in FGIDs. In addition, the article proposes emerging immune pathways, including those involving T-helper type 17 response and innate lymphoid cells, as potential regulators of the subtle inflammation characteristic of FGIDs that warrant investigation in future studies.

Citing Articles

Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines: the hidden keys to autoimmune gastritis therapy.

Cascetta G, Colombo G, Eremita G, Garcia J, Lenti M, Di Sabatino A Front Pharmacol. 2024; 15:1450558.

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The role of the gut microbiome in disorders of gut-brain interaction.

Gawey B, Mars R, Kashyap P FEBS J. 2024; .

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Diet-microbiota associations in gastrointestinal research: a systematic review.

Duncanson K, Williams G, Hoedt E, Collins C, Keely S, Talley N Gut Microbes. 2024; 16(1):2350785.

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Putting Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders within the Spectrum of Inflammatory Disorders Can Improve Classification and Diagnostics of These Disorders.

Sojat D, Volaric M, Keskic T, Volaric N, Cerovecki V, Majnaric L Biomedicines. 2024; 12(3).

PMID: 38540315 PMC: 10967747. DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12030702.

TRAV26-2 T-Cell Receptor Expression Is Associated With Mucosal Lymphocyte Response to Wheat Proteins in Patients With Functional Dyspepsia.

Burns G, Potter M, Mathe A, Bruce J, Minahan K, Barnes J Clin Transl Gastroenterol. 2023; 14(12):e00638.

PMID: 37753952 PMC: 10749711. DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000638.

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