The Duodenal Mucosa Associated Microbiome, Visceral Sensory Function, Immune Activation and Psychological Comorbidities in Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders with and Without Self-reported Non-celiac Wheat Sensitivity

Overview

Journal Gut Microbes

Specialties Gastroenterology
Microbiology

Date 2022 Oct 28

PMID 36303431

Authors

Ayesha Shah

Seungha Kang

Nicholas J Talley

Anh Do

Marjorie M Walker

Erin R Shanahan

Natasha A Koloski

Michael P Jones

Simon Keely

Mark Morrison

Gerald J Holtmann

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Frequently, patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) report intolerance of wheat products. We compared gastrointestinal symptoms, sensory function, psychiatric comorbidities, gut-homing immune cells, and duodenal mucosa-associated microbiome (d-MAM) in FGID patients and controls with and without self-reported wheat sensitivity (SR-NCWS). We recruited 40 FGID patients and 20 controls referred by GPs for treatment. Gastrointestinal/extraintestinal symptoms, visceral sensory function, psychological comorbidities, and SR-NCWS were assessed in a standardized approach. Peripheral gut homing T-cells (CD4α4β7CCR9/CD8α4β7CCR9) were quantified, and the d-MAM was assessed by DNA sequencing for 46 subjects. Factors of bacterial genera were extracted utilizing factor analysis with varimax rotation and factors univariately associated with FGID or SR-NCWS included in a subsequent multivariate analysis of variance to identify statistically independent discriminators. Anxiety scores (p < .05) and increased symptom responses to a nutrient challenge (p < .05) were univariately associated with FGID. Gut homing T-cells were increased in FGID patients with SR-NCWS compared to other groups (p all <0.05). MANOVA revealed that anxiety (p = .03), visceral sensory function (p = 0.007), and a d-MAM factor comprise members of the , and lineages were significantly (p = .001) associated with FGID, while gut homing CD4α4 β7CCR9 T-cells were associated (p = .002) with SR-NCWS. Compared to controls, patients with and without SR-NCWS show that there are shifts in the amplicon sequence variants within specific bacterial genera between the FGID subgroups (particularly and ) as well as distinct bacterial taxa discriminatory for the two different FGID subtypes. Compared to controls, both FGID patients with and without SR-NCWS have an increased symptom response to a standardized nutrient challenge and increased anxiety scores. The FGID patients with SR-NCWS - as compared to FGID without SR-NCWS (and controls without SR-NCWS) - have increased gut homing T-cells. The d-MAM profiles suggest species and strain-based variations between the two FGID subtypes and in comparison to controls.

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