Detection and Genetic Characterization of Echinococcus Granulosus Mitochondrial DNA in Serum and Formalin-fixed Paraffin Embedded Cyst Tissue Samples of Cystic Echinococcosis patients

Overview

Journal PLoS One

Specialties General Medicine
Science

Date 2019 Oct 30

PMID 31661532

Citations 9

Authors

Maryam Moradi

Ahmad Reza Meamar

Lame Akhlaghi

Mona Roozbehani

Elham Razmjou

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a worldwide zoonotic disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus. We investigated the presence of E. granulosus-specific DNA in the serum of CE patients by detecting the cytochrome c oxidase I (cox1) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit I (nad1) mitochondrial genes. Serum and formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) cyst tissue samples of 80 CE patients were analyzed. The extracted DNA of samples was submitted to PCR amplification of cox1 and nad1 genes, and products were sequenced and genotyped. Nineteen (23.8%; 95% CI 15.8-34.1) serum and 78 (97.5%; 95% CI 91.3-99.3) FFPE cyst tissue samples were successfully amplified with at least one gene. Echinococcus DNA was detected in the sera of 15.0% (95% CI: 8.8-24.4) and 10.0% (95% CI: 5.2-18.5) and in cyst tissue of 91.3% (95% CI: 83.0-95.7) and 83.8% (95% CI: 74.2-90.3) of 80 patients by cox1 and nad1 gene, respectively. Four genotypes of E. granulosus were distinguished in the CE patients, with predominance of genotype G1, followed by G3, G2, and G6. The finding of E. granulosus DNA in 23.8% of serum samples from CE patients confirmed that E. granulosus releases cell-free DNA into the circulatory system, but quantities may be inadequate for the diagnosis of CE. Genotype G1 predominance suggests the sheep-dog cycle as the primary route of human infection.

Citing Articles

A ten-year evaluation of central nervous system cystic echinococcosis in a highly endemic area of Iran: Molecular epidemiology and clinicopathological characteristics.

Najjari M, Manesh A, Rezaeian S, Farrash B, Mohammadi M, Ebrahimipour M Parasite Epidemiol Control. 2025; 28:e00414.

PMID: 39968324 PMC: 11833634. DOI: 10.1016/j.parepi.2025.e00414.

Detection of circulatory E. granulosus-derived cell-free DNA in the plasma and urine of human cystic echinococcosis using an in-house PCR: a potential promising diagnostic biomarker.

Habibi B, Gholami S, Bagheri A, Fakhar M, Torabi M, Tabaripour R Mol Biol Rep. 2024; 51(1):452.

PMID: 38536533 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09385-w.

Molecular diagnosis of echinococcosis in patients based on frozen paraffin tissue samples and fixed formalin and hydatid cysts isolated from livestock in a slaughterhouse.

Rahpima B, Dabirzadeh M Trop Parasitol. 2024; 14(1):16-22.

PMID: 38444797 PMC: 10911189. DOI: 10.4103/tp.tp_41_23.

Sensitive detection of specific cell-free DNA in serum samples from sheep with cystic echinococcosis.

Hadipour M, Darani H, Talebzadeh H, Eslamian M, Aboutalebian S, Harandi M PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2023; 17(10):e0011715.

PMID: 37856565 PMC: 10617735. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011715.

Genetic characterization of human echinococcosis in Southern Punjab, Pakistan.

Basharat N, Khan J, Ullah I, Shah A, Ali I Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2023; 13:1141192.

PMID: 37180451 PMC: 10174045. DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1141192.

References

Farhadi M, Fazaeli A, Haniloo A . Genetic characterization of livestock and human hydatid cyst isolates from northwest Iran, using the mitochondrial cox1 gene sequence. Parasitol Res. 2015; 114(12):4363-70. DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4673-y. View

Gorgani-Firouzjaee T, Kalantari N, Javanian M, Ghaffari S . Strongyloides stercoralis: detection of parasite-derived DNA in serum samples obtained from immunosuppressed patients. Parasitol Res. 2018; 117(9):2927-2932. DOI: 10.1007/s00436-018-5985-5. View

Deplazes P, Rinaldi L, Alvarez Rojas C, Torgerson P, Harandi M, Romig T . Global Distribution of Alveolar and Cystic Echinococcosis. Adv Parasitol. 2017; 95:315-493. DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2016.11.001. View

Weerakoon K, Gordon C, Williams G, Cai P, Gobert G, Olveda R . Droplet Digital PCR Diagnosis of Human Schistosomiasis: Parasite Cell-Free DNA Detection in Diverse Clinical Samples. J Infect Dis. 2017; 216(12):1611-1622. DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jix521. View

Weerakoon K, McManus D . Cell-Free DNA as a Diagnostic Tool for Human Parasitic Infections. Trends Parasitol. 2016; 32(5):378-391. DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2016.01.006. View

Guo Z, Kubo M, Kudo M, Nibe K, Horii Y, Nonaka N . Growth and genotypes of Echinococcus granulosus found in cattle imported from Australia and fattened in Japan. Parasitol Int. 2011; 60(4):498-502. DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2011.09.002. View

Romig T, Ebi D, Wassermann M . Taxonomy and molecular epidemiology of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato. Vet Parasitol. 2015; 213(3-4):76-84. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.07.035. View

Wichmann D, Panning M, Quack T, Kramme S, Burchard G, Grevelding C . Diagnosing schistosomiasis by detection of cell-free parasite DNA in human plasma. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2009; 3(4):e422. PMC: 2667260. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000422. View

Laurimae T, Kinkar L, Romig T, Omer R, Casulli A, Umhang G . The benefits of analysing complete mitochondrial genomes: Deep insights into the phylogeny and population structure of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato genotypes G6 and G7. Infect Genet Evol. 2018; 64:85-94. DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.06.016. View

10.

Ezer A, Nursal T, Moray G, Yildirim S, Karakayali F, Noyan T . Surgical treatment of liver hydatid cysts. HPB (Oxford). 2008; 8(1):38-42. PMC: 2131364. DOI: 10.1080/13651820500468000. View

11.

Hosseini-Safa A, Mohag Hegh M, Pestechian N, Ganji M, Mohammadi R, Mahmoudi Lamouki R . First report of Tasmanian sheep strain (G2) genotype isolated from Iranian goat using the high resolution melting (HRM) analysis. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench. 2017; 9(Suppl1):S70-S74. PMC: 5310803. View

12.

Najafabadi Z, Oormazdi H, Akhlaghi L, Meamar A, Nateghpour M, Farivar L . Detection of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum DNA in human saliva and urine: loop-mediated isothermal amplification for malaria diagnosis. Acta Trop. 2014; 136:44-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2014.03.029. View

13.

Smego Jr R, Sebanego P . Treatment options for hepatic cystic echinococcosis. Int J Infect Dis. 2005; 9(2):69-76. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2004.08.001. View

14.

Spotin A, Mahami-Oskouei M, Harandi M, Baratchian M, Bordbar A, Ahmadpour E . Genetic variability of Echinococcus granulosus complex in various geographical populations of Iran inferred by mitochondrial DNA sequences. Acta Trop. 2016; 165:10-16. DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2016.03.002. View

15.

Sharbatkhori M, Mirhendi H, Jex A, Pangasa A, Campbell B, Kia E . Genetic categorization of Echinococcus granulosus from humans and herbivorous hosts in Iran using an integrated mutation scanning-phylogenetic approach. Electrophoresis. 2009; 30(15):2648-55. DOI: 10.1002/elps.200900145. View

16.

Sharbatkhori M, Tanzifi A, Rostami S, Rostami M, Harandi M . Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato GENOTYPES IN DOMESTIC LIVESTOCK AND HUMANS IN GOLESTAN PROVINCE, IRAN. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 2016; 58:38. PMC: 4879995. DOI: 10.1590/S1678-9946201658038. View

17.

Akbulut S, Yavuz R, Sogutcu N, Kaya B, Hatipoglu S, Senol A . Hydatid cyst of the pancreas: Report of an undiagnosed case of pancreatic hydatid cyst and brief literature review. World J Gastrointest Surg. 2014; 6(10):190-200. PMC: 4208043. DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v6.i10.190. View

18.

Najafabadi Z, Oormazdi H, Akhlaghi L, Meamar A, Raeisi A, Rampisheh Z . Mitochondrial PCR-based malaria detection in saliva and urine of symptomatic patients. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2014; 108(6):358-62. DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/tru061. View

19.

Karamian M, Haghighi F, Hemmati M, Taylor W, Salehabadi A, Ghatee M . Heterogenity of Echinococcus canadensis genotype 6 - the main causative agent of cystic echinococcosis in Birjand, Eastern Iran. Vet Parasitol. 2017; 245:78-85. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.08.018. View

20.

Kinkar L, Laurimae T, Acosta-Jamett G, Andresiuk V, Balkaya I, Casulli A . Global phylogeography and genetic diversity of the zoonotic tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto genotype G1. Int J Parasitol. 2018; 48(9-10):729-742. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2018.03.006. View