Nonspecific Activation of Murine Lymphocytes. VI. Mediation of Synergistic Interaction Between T and B Lymphocytes by a Cell-associated, Reciprocally Acting Lymphocyte Proliferation Helper

Overview

Journal J Exp Med

Specialties Allergy & Immunology
General Medicine

Date 1979 Mar 1

PMID 311812

Authors

M G Goodman

W O Weigle

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The mechanism by which B and T lymphocytes interact synergistically in the proliferative response to 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) as a mitogen was investigated in cultures of C3H/St spleen cells. The interaction between these cells required physical contact between the collaborating cell types, and was not mediated by the release of a soluble factor into the culture supernate. Sonicates of spleen cells which had been activated with optimal concentrations of 2-ME for 24 h and then washed extensively, stimulated the uptake of tritiated thymidine and morphological blast transformation of fresh, unstimulated cells. This activity was found to reside within the soluble fraction of the activated cells, and to activate cells optimally at a ratio of 1 naive cell: 1 activated cell-equivalent. This reciprocally-acting lymphocyte proliferation helper (RALPH) activity was produced by B cells as well as by T cells, with a kinetic peak at 48 h of culture. RALPH activity was produced by viable but not by nonviable cells incubated with 2-ME, and was nondialyzable. It could not be induced by the B-cell mitogens lipopolysaccharide, polyinosinic-polycytidilic acid, or purified protein derivative of tuberculin, or by the T-cell mitogen concanavalin A. RALPH isolated from T cells activated B cells exclusively, while that from B cells acted predominantly upon T cells, possibly with a nonspecific effect on B cells. A model for the cellular interactions involved in the amplification of the proliferative response to 2-ME is described.

References

MCPHERSON C . REDUCTION OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA AND COLIFORM BACTERIA IN MOUSE DRINKING WATER FOLLOWING TREATMENT WITH HYDROCHLORIC ACID OR CHLORINE. Lab Anim Care. 1963; 13:737-44. View

Goodman M, Weigle W . Nonspecific activation of murine lymphocytes. I. Proliferation and polyclonal activation induced by 2-mercaptoethanol and alpha-thioglycerol. J Exp Med. 1977; 145(3):473-89. PMC: 2180719. DOI: 10.1084/jem.145.3.473. View

Igarashi T, Okada M, Kishimoto T, Yamamura Y . In vitro induction of polyclonal killer T cells with 2-mercaptoethanol and the essential role of macrophages in this process. J Immunol. 1977; 118(5):1697-703. View

Doyle M, Parks E, Weigle W . Specific, transient suppression of the immune response by HGG tolerant spleen cells. II. Effector cells and target cells. J Immunol. 1976; 117(4):1152-8. View

Kasakura S . Blastogenic factors: production by T and B lymphocytes. Effect on T and B cells. Immunology. 1977; 33(1):23-9. PMC: 1445410. View

Tada T, Takemori T, Okumura K, Nonaka M, Tokuhisa T . Two distinct types of helper T cells involved in the secondary antibody response: independent and synergistic effects of Ia- and Ia+ helper T cells. J Exp Med. 1978; 147(2):446-58. PMC: 2184496. DOI: 10.1084/jem.147.2.446. View

Muirhead D, CUDKOWICZ G . Subpopulations of splenic T cells regulating an anti-hapten antibody response. II. Distinct functions of, and sequential requirement for, helper and amplifier cells. J Immunol. 1978; 121(1):130-7. View

Goodman M, Weigle W . Nonspecific activation of murine lymphocytes. II. Parameters of the interaction between splenic lymphocytes and radiolabeled 2-mercaptoethanol in vitro. J Immunol. 1978; 120(5):1453-9. View

Lefkovits I, Waldmann H . Heterogeneity of B cells reacting with T-cell factors. Evidence for matching T-cell and B-cell subsets. Immunology. 1977; 32(6):915-22. PMC: 1445451. View

10.

Julius M, Simpson E, Herzenberg L . A rapid method for the isolation of functional thymus-derived murine lymphocytes. Eur J Immunol. 1973; 3(10):645-9. DOI: 10.1002/eji.1830031011. View

11.

Waxdal M, Basham T . B and T-cell stimulatory activities of multiple mitogens from pokeweed. Nature. 1974; 251(5471):163-4. DOI: 10.1038/251163a0. View

12.

Lemke H, Opitz H . Function of 2-mercaptoethanol as a macrophage substitute in the primary immune response in vitro. J Immunol. 1976; 117(2):388-95. View

13.

Weksler M, Kuntz M . Synergy between human T and B lymphocytes in their response to phythaemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen. Immunology. 1976; 31(2):273-81. PMC: 1445115. View

14.

Mishell R, Dutton R . Immunization of dissociated spleen cell cultures from normal mice. J Exp Med. 1967; 126(3):423-42. PMC: 2138377. DOI: 10.1084/jem.126.3.423. View

15.

Kasakura S, Lowenstein L . A factor stimulating DNA synthesis derived from the medium of leukocyte cultures. Nature. 1965; 208(5012):794-5. DOI: 10.1038/208794a0. View