Impact of Toll-Like Receptor 4 Signaling in Necrotizing Enterocolitis: The State of the Science

Overview

Journal Clin Perinatol

Date 2019 Feb 18

PMID 30771815

Citations 34

Authors

Belgacem Mihi

Misty Good

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains a leading cause of preterm infant mortality. NEC is multifactorial and believed a consequence of intestinal immaturity, microbial dysbiosis, and an exuberant inflammatory response. Over the past decade, exaggerated Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activity in the immature intestine of preterm neonates emerged as an inciting event preceding NEC. Increased TLR4 signaling in epithelial cells results in the initiation of an uncontrolled immune response and destruction of the mucosal barrier. This article discusses the state of the science of the molecular mechanisms involved in TLR4-mediated inflammation during NEC and the development of new therapeutic strategies to prevent NEC.

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