Unexpectedly High Plasmodium Sporozoite Rate Associated with Low Human Blood Index in Anopheles Coluzzii from a LLIN-protected Village in Burkina Faso

Overview

Journal Sci Rep

Specialty Science

Date 2018 Aug 26

PMID 30143698

Citations 17

Authors

Marco Pombi

Maria Calzetta

Wamdaogo M Guelbeogo

Mattia Manica

Eleonora Perugini

Verena Pichler

Emiliano Mancini

NFale Sagnon

Hilary Ranson

Alessandra Della Torre

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Despite the effectiveness of mass distribution of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) in reducing malaria transmission in Africa, in hyperendemic areas such as Burkina Faso the burden of malaria remains high. We here report the results of a 4-month survey on the feeding habits and Plasmodium infection in malaria vectors from a village in Burkina Faso one year following a national LLIN distribution programme. Low values of human blood index (HBI) observed in the major malaria vectors in the area (Anopheles coluzzii: N = 263, 20.1%; An. arabiensis: 5.8%, N = 103) are consistent with the hypothesis that LLINs reduced the availability of human hosts to mosquitoes. A regression meta-analysis of data from a systematic review of published studies reporting HBI and sporozoite rates (SR) for An. gambiae complex revealed that the observed SR values (An. coluzzii: 7.6%, N = 503; An. arabiensis: 5.3%, N = 225) are out of the ranges expected based on the low HBI observed. We hypothesize that a small fraction of inhabitants unprotected by bednets acts as a "core group" repeatedly exposed to mosquito bites, representing the major Plasmodium reservoir for the vectors, able to maintain a high risk of transmission even in a village protected by LLINs.

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