The Relation Between Polyphenols and Body Composition in US Hispanics/Latinos: Results from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) Study of Latinos Nutrition and Physical Activity Assessment Study (SOLNAS)

Overview

Journal Curr Dev Nutr

Specialty Nutritional Sciences

Date 2018 Jun 30

PMID 29955684

Authors

Nour Makarem

Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani

Daniela Sotres-Alvarez

Simin Hua

William W Wong

Linda Van Horn

Martha L Daviglus

Adrian A Franke

Marc D Gellman

Robert C Kaplan

Jeannette M Beasley

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Polyphenols offer high antioxidant potential that may protect against chronic diseases. Epidemiologic evidence documenting their influence on body composition and obesity risk is limited, particularly among Hispanics/Latinos who are disproportionately prone to obesity. The aims of this study were to evaluate cross-sectional associations of urinary polyphenols with body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (%BF) in a diverse Hispanic/Latino population and to assess the reliability of polyphenol measurements. Participants were 442 adults from the Study of Latinos/Nutrition and Physical Activity Assessment Study (SOLNAS) aged 18-74 y. Doubly labeled water was used as an objective recovery biomarker of energy. Polyphenol excretion from 24-h urine samples was assessed. Measures were repeated in a subsample ( = 90) to provide a reliability measure. Anthropometric measures were obtained by trained personnel, and %BF was measured by O dilution. Linear regression models were used to evaluate multivariable associations between body composition and polyphenols. Spearman correlation coefficients between BMI and %BF with polyphenols and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) between polyphenol measures were computed. A weak correlation was observed for resveratrol and %BF ( = -0.11, = 0.02). In multivariable-adjusted regression models, weak inverse associations were observed for resveratrol and urolithin A with %BF [β ± SE: -0.010 ± 0.004 ( = 0.007) and -0.004 ± 0.002 ( = 0.03), respectively]. For every 50% increase in these urinary polyphenols, there was a 1% and 0.4% decrease in %BF. Urolithin A was inversely associated with BMI (β ± SE: -0.004 ± 0.002; = 0.02) and with 5% lower odds of obesity in models not adjusted for total energy expenditure (TEE; OR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.91, 0.99; = 0.02). For every 50% increase in urolithin A, there was a 0.4-unit decrease in BMI. Associations were attenuated after adjustment for TEE. Reliability study findings were indicative of weak to moderate correlations (ICCs: 0.11-0.65), representing a degree of within-person variation in polyphenol biomarkers. Although associations were weak, resveratrol and urolithin A were inversely associated with obesity. Repeated polyphenol urine measures could clarify their long-term impact on body adiposity.

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