» Articles » PMID: 29614981

A Comparison of the Local Immune Status Between the Primary and Metastatic Tumor in Colorectal Cancer: a Retrospective Study

Overview
Journal BMC Cancer
Publisher Biomed Central
Specialty Oncology
Date 2018 Apr 5
PMID 29614981
Citations 20
Authors
Affiliations
Soon will be listed here.
Abstract

Background: The anticancer immune response has been reported to correlate with cancer progression. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), which are one of the indicators of host immunity, affect the tumor growth, metastasis and chemoresistance. Both TILs in the primary tumor and those in the metastatic tumor have been reported to be a useful predictor of the survival and therapeutic outcome. However, the correlation between the density of TILs in the primary and metastatic tumor is unclear. The aim of this study was to elucidate the correlation between the density of TILs in the primary and metastatic tumor.

Methods: A total of 24 patients with stage IV colorectal cancer who underwent concurrent resection of the primary tumor and liver metastasis were enrolled in order to assess the correlation between the density of TILs in the primary tumor and that in the metastatic tumor. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE)-stained tumor sections were used for the evaluation of TILs. The density of TILs was assessed by the measurement of the area occupied by mononuclear inflammatory cells over the total stromal area at the invasive margin. In addition, to evaluate TIL subsets and the activation/suppression status of the lymphocytes, immunohistochemistry for CD4, CD8, Forkhead boxprotein P3 (FOXP3), programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4), inducible T-cell co-stimulator (ICOS), Glucocorticoid induced tumor necrosis factor receptor related protein (GITR), Human Leukocyte Antigen - antigen D Related (HLA-DR) and Granzyme B was performed, and the number of immunoreactive lymphocytes was counted.

Results: According to the evaluation using the HE-stained sections, the density of tumor-infiltrating mononuclear inflammatory cells in the primary tumor was significantly associated with that in the metastatic tumor. In addition, according to the immunohistochemistry evaluation, the density of CD4, CD8 and FOXP3 TILs in the primary tumor and that in the metastatic tumor were significantly correlated with that in the metastatic tumor. Furthermore, the activation/suppression marker values of the lymphocytes (i.e., such as PD-1, ICOS, Granzyme B and the PD-1/CD8 ratio) in the primary tumor were correlated with values in the metastatic tumor.

Conclusions: The local immune status of the primary tumor was revealed to be similar to that of the metastatic tumor. This suggests that the evaluation of the local immunity of the primary tumor may be a substitute for the evaluation of the local immunity of the metastatic lesion. Therefore, information on the primary tumor may be useful when considering treatment strategies for metastatic lesions.

Citing Articles

Prognostic assessment of T-cells in primary colorectal cancer and paired synchronous or metachronous liver metastasis.

Trailin A, Ali E, Ye W, Pavlov S, cervenkova L, Vycital O Int J Cancer. 2024; 156(6):1282-1292.

PMID: 39508720 PMC: 11736993. DOI: 10.1002/ijc.35252.


Tumor-immune hybrid cells evade the immune response and potentiate colorectal cancer metastasis through CTLA4.

Tanjak P, Chaiboonchoe A, Suwatthanarak T, Thanormjit K, Acharayothin O, Chanthercrob J Clin Exp Med. 2024; 25(1):2.

PMID: 39499374 PMC: 11538261. DOI: 10.1007/s10238-024-01515-9.


Exploring immune status in peripheral blood and tumor tissue in association with survival in patients with multi-organ metastatic colorectal cancer.

Bakkerus L, Subtil B, Bontkes H, Gootjes E, Reijm M, Vullings M Oncoimmunology. 2024; 13(1):2361971.

PMID: 38868078 PMC: 11168219. DOI: 10.1080/2162402X.2024.2361971.


Increased co-expression of PD1 and TIM3 is associated with poor prognosis and immune microenvironment heterogeneity in gallbladder cancer.

He X, Peng Y, He G, Ye H, Liu L, Zhou Q J Transl Med. 2023; 21(1):717.

PMID: 37828574 PMC: 10571407. DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04589-3.


Peritumoral Immune-suppressive Mechanisms Impede Intratumoral Lymphocyte Infiltration into Colorectal Cancer Liver versus Lung Metastases.

Ye J, Guo W, Wang C, Egelston C, DApuzzo M, Shankar G Cancer Res Commun. 2023; 3(10):2082-2095.

PMID: 37768208 PMC: 10569153. DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.CRC-23-0212.


References
1.
Shibutani M, Maeda K, Nagahara H, Fukuoka T, Nakao S, Matsutani S . The Prognostic Significance of the Tumor-infiltrating Programmed Cell Death-1 to CD8 Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients with Colorectal Cancer. Anticancer Res. 2017; 37(8):4165-4172. DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.11804. View

2.
Liu H, Zhang T, Ye J, Li H, Huang J, Li X . Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes predict response to chemotherapy in patients with advance non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2012; 61(10):1849-56. PMC: 11029471. DOI: 10.1007/s00262-012-1231-7. View

3.
Salgado R, Denkert C, Demaria S, Sirtaine N, Klauschen F, Pruneri G . The evaluation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in breast cancer: recommendations by an International TILs Working Group 2014. Ann Oncol. 2014; 26(2):259-71. PMC: 6267863. DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu450. View

4.
Kopetz S, Chang G, Overman M, Eng C, Sargent D, Larson D . Improved survival in metastatic colorectal cancer is associated with adoption of hepatic resection and improved chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol. 2009; 27(22):3677-83. PMC: 2720081. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2008.20.5278. View

5.
Sobottka B, Pestalozzi B, Fink D, Moch H, Varga Z . Similar lymphocytic infiltration pattern in primary breast cancer and their corresponding distant metastases. Oncoimmunology. 2016; 5(6):e1153208. PMC: 4938373. DOI: 10.1080/2162402X.2016.1153208. View