New Antiprotozoal Agents: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Different 4-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl) Piperazin-1-yl)pyrrolidin-2-yl)methanone Derivatives

In an endeavor to develop efficacious antiprotozoal agents 4-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl) piperazin-1-yl)pyrrolidin-2-yl)methanone derivatives (5-14) were synthesized, characterized and biologically evaluated for antiprotozoal activity. The compounds were screened in vitro against the HM1: IMSS strain of Entamoeba histolytica and NF54 chloroquine-sensitive strain of Plasmodium falciparum. Among the synthesized compounds six exhibited promising antiamoebic activity with IC values (0.14-1.26μM) lower than the standard drug metronidazole (IC 1.80μM). All nine compounds exhibited antimalarial activity (IC range: 1.42-19.62μM), while maintaining a favorable safety profile to host red blood cells. All the compounds were less effective as an antimalarial and more toxic (IC range: 14.67-81.24μM) than quinine (IC: 275.6±16.46μM) against the human kidney epithelial cells. None of the compounds exhibited any inhibitory effect on the viability of Anopheles arabiensis mosquito larvae.