Occurrence of Giardia Intestinalis and Cryptosporidium Sp. in Wastewater Samples from São Paulo State, Brazil, and Lima, Peru

Overview

Journal Environ Sci Pollut Res Int

Publisher Springer

Specialties Environmental Health
Toxicology

Date 2016 Sep 18

PMID 27638793

Citations 10

Authors

Francisco Miroslav Ulloa-Stanojlovic

Bruna Aguiar

Luis M Jara

Maria Ines Zanoli Sato

Juana Arzola Guerrero

Elayse Hachich

Glavur Rogerio Matte

Milena Dropa

Maria Helena Matte

Ronalda Silva de Araujo

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The objectives of the study were to detect and genotype Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia intestinalis in wastewater samples obtained from five cities with high transit of people in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, and at the entrance of a Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) in Lima, Peru. Samples were collected and concentrated by centrifugation. The genomic DNA was extracted for molecular characterization by nested PCR for Cryptosporidium and double nested PCR for Giardia, followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. G. intestinalis was found in 63.6 % of the samples, and the human assemblages A and B were identified. Cryptosporidium sp. was found in 36.4 % of the samples, and the species were corresponding to Cryptosporidium hominis, Cryptosporidium cuniculus, and Cryptosporidium muris. Results revealed the presence of human pathogenic Cryptosporidium species and G. intestinalis human pathogenic assemblages. Molecular tools highlight the importance to map the genetic diversity of these parasites, as well as to detect their epidemiological circulation pathway in the environment.

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