Chemoproteomic Strategy to Quantitatively Monitor Transnitrosation Uncovers Functionally Relevant S-Nitrosation Sites on Cathepsin D and HADH2
Overview
Authors
Affiliations
S-Nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) is an endogenous transnitrosation donor involved in S-nitrosation of a variety of cellular proteins, thereby regulating diverse protein functions. Quantitative proteomic methods are necessary to establish which cysteine residues are most sensitive to GSNO-mediated transnitrosation. Here, a competitive cysteine-reactivity profiling strategy was implemented to quantitatively measure the sensitivity of >600 cysteine residues to transnitrosation by GSNO. This platform identified a subset of cysteine residues with a high propensity for GSNO-mediated transnitrosation. Functional characterization of previously unannotated S-nitrosation sites revealed that S-nitrosation of a cysteine residue distal to the 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase type 2 (HADH2) active site impaired catalytic activity. Similarly, S-nitrosation of a non-catalytic cysteine residue in the lysosomal aspartyl protease cathepsin D (CTSD) inhibited proteolytic activation. Together, these studies revealed two previously uncharacterized cysteine residues that regulate protein function, and established a chemical-proteomic platform with capabilities to determine substrate specificity of other cellular transnitrosation agents.
Falco J, Wynia-Smith S, McCoy J, Smith B, Weerapana E ACS Chem Biol. 2023; 19(1):193-207.
PMID: 38159293 PMC: 11154738. DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00654.
Kim K, Cho E, Eom J, Oh S, Nakamura T, Oh C Cell Death Differ. 2022; 29(11):2137-2150.
PMID: 35462559 PMC: 9613756. DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-01004-0.
An infection-induced oxidation site regulates legumain processing and tumor growth.
Kovalyova Y, Bak D, Gordon E, Fung C, Shuman J, Cover T Nat Chem Biol. 2022; 18(7):698-705.
PMID: 35332331 PMC: 9246868. DOI: 10.1038/s41589-022-00992-x.
Desai H, Yan T, Yu F, Sun A, Villanueva M, Nesvizhskii A Mol Cell Proteomics. 2022; 21(4):100218.
PMID: 35219905 PMC: 9010637. DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2022.100218.
Chemoproteomic interrogation of selenocysteine by low-pH isoTOP-ABPP.
Bak D, Weerapana E Methods Enzymol. 2022; 662:187-225.
PMID: 35101210 PMC: 9558968. DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2021.10.003.