Systemic Immunity Requires SnRK2.8-Mediated Nuclear Import of NPR1 in Arabidopsis

Overview

Journal Plant Cell

Publisher Oxford University Press

Specialties Biology
Cell Biology

Date 2015 Dec 17

PMID 26672073

Citations 50

Authors

Hyo-Jun Lee

Young-Joon Park

Pil Joon Seo

Ju-Heon Kim

Hee-Jung Sim

Sang-Gyu Kim

Chung-Mo Park

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

In plants, necrotic lesions occur at the site of pathogen infection through the hypersensitive response, which is followed by induction of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in distal tissues. Salicylic acid (SA) induces SAR by activating NONEXPRESSER OF PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENES1 (NPR1) through an oligomer-to-monomer reaction. However, SA biosynthesis is elevated only slightly in distal tissues during SAR, implying that SA-mediated induction of SAR requires additional factors. Here, we demonstrated that SA-independent systemic signals induce a gene encoding SNF1-RELATED PROTEIN KINASE 2.8 (SnRK2.8), which phosphorylates NPR1 during SAR. The SnRK2.8-mediated phosphorylation of NPR1 is necessary for its nuclear import. Notably, although SnRK2.8 transcription and SnRK2.8 activation are independent of SA signaling, the SnRK2.8-mediated induction of SAR requires SA. Together with the SA-mediated monomerization of NPR1, these observations indicate that SA signals and SnRK2.8-mediated phosphorylation coordinately function to activate NPR1 via a dual-step process in developing systemic immunity in Arabidopsis thaliana.

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