The Role of TOX in the Development of Innate Lymphoid Cells

Overview

Journal Mediators Inflamm

Publisher Wiley

Specialties Biochemistry
Pathology

Date 2015 Nov 12

PMID 26556952

Citations 4

Authors

Corey R Seehus

Jonathan Kaye

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

TOX, an evolutionarily conserved member of the HMG-box family of proteins, is essential for the development of various cells of both the innate and adaptive immune system. TOX is required for the development of CD4(+) T lineage cells in the thymus, including natural killer T and T regulatory cells, as well as development of natural killer cells and fetal lymphoid tissue inducer cells, the latter required for lymph node organogenesis. Recently, we have identified a broader role for TOX in the innate immune system, demonstrating that this nuclear protein is required for generation of bone marrow progenitors that have potential to give rise to all innate lymphoid cells. Innate lymphoid cells, classified according to transcription factor expression and cytokine secretion profiles, derive from common lymphoid progenitors in the bone marrow and require Notch signals for their development. We discuss here the role of TOX in specifying CLP toward an innate lymphoid cell fate and hypothesize a possible role for TOX in regulating Notch gene targets during innate lymphoid cell development.

Citing Articles

Multi-Dimensional Gene Regulation in Innate and Adaptive Lymphocytes: A View From Regulomes.

Fernando N, Sciume G, OShea J, Shih H Front Immunol. 2021; 12:655590.

PMID: 33841440 PMC: 8034253. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.655590.

Clinical characterization, genetic profiling, and immune infiltration of TOX in diffuse gliomas.

Zhang H, Fan F, Yu Y, Wang Z, Liu F, Dai Z J Transl Med. 2020; 18(1):305.

PMID: 32762688 PMC: 7409670. DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02460-3.

TOX3 is a favorable prognostic indicator and potential immunomodulatory factor in lung adenocarcinoma.

Zeng D, Lin H, Cui J, Liang W Oncol Lett. 2019; 18(4):4144-4152.

PMID: 31516613 PMC: 6732997. DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10748.

Transcriptional regulation of murine natural killer cell development, differentiation and maturation.

Held W, Jeevan-Raj B, Charmoy M Cell Mol Life Sci. 2018; 75(18):3371-3379.

PMID: 29959459 PMC: 11105435. DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2865-1.

References

Seksenyan A, Kadavallore A, Walts A, Torre B, Berel D, Strom S . TOX3 is expressed in mammary ER(+) epithelial cells and regulates ER target genes in luminal breast cancer. BMC Cancer. 2015; 15:22. PMC: 4324787. DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1018-2. View

Seillet C, Rankin L, Groom J, Mielke L, Tellier J, Chopin M . Nfil3 is required for the development of all innate lymphoid cell subsets. J Exp Med. 2014; 211(9):1733-40. PMC: 4144736. DOI: 10.1084/jem.20140145. View

Yu X, Wang Y, Deng M, Li Y, Ruhn K, Zhang C . The basic leucine zipper transcription factor NFIL3 directs the development of a common innate lymphoid cell precursor. Elife. 2014; 3. PMC: 4356142. DOI: 10.7554/eLife.04406. View

Constantinides M, McDonald B, Verhoef P, Bendelac A . A committed precursor to innate lymphoid cells. Nature. 2014; 508(7496):397-401. PMC: 4003507. DOI: 10.1038/nature13047. View

Tessema M, Yingling C, Grimes M, Thomas C, Liu Y, Leng S . Differential epigenetic regulation of TOX subfamily high mobility group box genes in lung and breast cancers. PLoS One. 2012; 7(4):e34850. PMC: 3319602. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034850. View

Geiger T, Abt M, Gasteiger G, Firth M, OConnor M, Geary C . Nfil3 is crucial for development of innate lymphoid cells and host protection against intestinal pathogens. J Exp Med. 2014; 211(9):1723-31. PMC: 4144732. DOI: 10.1084/jem.20140212. View

Satoh-Takayama N, Lesjean-Pottier S, Vieira P, Sawa S, Eberl G, Vosshenrich C . IL-7 and IL-15 independently program the differentiation of intestinal CD3-NKp46+ cell subsets from Id2-dependent precursors. J Exp Med. 2010; 207(2):273-80. PMC: 2822619. DOI: 10.1084/jem.20092029. View

Goto Y, Obata T, Kunisawa J, Sato S, Ivanov I, Lamichhane A . Innate lymphoid cells regulate intestinal epithelial cell glycosylation. Science. 2014; 345(6202):1254009. PMC: 4774895. DOI: 10.1126/science.1254009. View

Fallon P, Ballantyne S, Mangan N, Barlow J, Dasvarma A, Hewett D . Identification of an interleukin (IL)-25-dependent cell population that provides IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 at the onset of helminth expulsion. J Exp Med. 2006; 203(4):1105-16. PMC: 2118283. DOI: 10.1084/jem.20051615. View

10.

De Obaldia M, Bhandoola A . Transcriptional regulation of innate and adaptive lymphocyte lineages. Annu Rev Immunol. 2015; 33:607-42. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-032414-112032. View

11.

Sojka D, Plougastel-Douglas B, Yang L, Pak-Wittel M, Artyomov M, Ivanova Y . Tissue-resident natural killer (NK) cells are cell lineages distinct from thymic and conventional splenic NK cells. Elife. 2014; 3:e01659. PMC: 3975579. DOI: 10.7554/eLife.01659. View

12.

Mortha A, Chudnovskiy A, Hashimoto D, Bogunovic M, Spencer S, Belkaid Y . Microbiota-dependent crosstalk between macrophages and ILC3 promotes intestinal homeostasis. Science. 2014; 343(6178):1249288. PMC: 4291125. DOI: 10.1126/science.1249288. View

13.

Yang Q, Monticelli L, Saenz S, Chi A, Sonnenberg G, Tang J . T cell factor 1 is required for group 2 innate lymphoid cell generation. Immunity. 2013; 38(4):694-704. PMC: 4029843. DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2012.12.003. View

14.

Yang Q, Saenz S, Zlotoff D, Artis D, Bhandoola A . Cutting edge: Natural helper cells derive from lymphoid progenitors. J Immunol. 2011; 187(11):5505-9. PMC: 3548425. DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1102039. View

15.

Gascoyne D, Long E, Veiga-Fernandes H, de Boer J, Williams O, Seddon B . The basic leucine zipper transcription factor E4BP4 is essential for natural killer cell development. Nat Immunol. 2009; 10(10):1118-24. DOI: 10.1038/ni.1787. View

16.

Gentek R, Munneke J, Helbig C, Blom B, Hazenberg M, Spits H . Modulation of Signal Strength Switches Notch from an Inducer of T Cells to an Inducer of ILC2. Front Immunol. 2013; 4:334. PMC: 3804867. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00334. View

17.

Seehus C, Aliahmad P, Torre B, Iliev I, Spurka L, Funari V . The development of innate lymphoid cells requires TOX-dependent generation of a common innate lymphoid cell progenitor. Nat Immunol. 2015; 16(6):599-608. PMC: 4439271. DOI: 10.1038/ni.3168. View

18.

Wendorff A, Koch U, Wunderlich F, Wirth S, Dubey C, Bruning J . Hes1 is a critical but context-dependent mediator of canonical Notch signaling in lymphocyte development and transformation. Immunity. 2010; 33(5):671-84. DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2010.11.014. View

19.

Bastien D, Bellver Landete V, Lessard M, Vallieres N, Champagne M, Takashima A . IL-1α Gene Deletion Protects Oligodendrocytes after Spinal Cord Injury through Upregulation of the Survival Factor Tox3. J Neurosci. 2015; 35(30):10715-30. PMC: 6605111. DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0498-15.2015. View

20.

Lee J, Cella M, McDonald K, Garlanda C, Kennedy G, Nukaya M . AHR drives the development of gut ILC22 cells and postnatal lymphoid tissues via pathways dependent on and independent of Notch. Nat Immunol. 2011; 13(2):144-51. PMC: 3468413. DOI: 10.1038/ni.2187. View