Astrocyte Reactivity After Brain Injury-: The Role of Galectins 1 and 3

Overview

Journal Glia

Specialty Neurology

Date 2015 Aug 8

PMID 26250529

Citations 56

Authors

Swetlana Sirko

Martin Irmler

Sergio Gascon

Sarah Bek

Sarah Schneider

Leda Dimou

Jara Obermann

Daisylea de Souza Paiva

Francoise Poirier

Johannes Beckers

Stefanie M Hauck

Yves-Alain Barde

Magdalena Gotz

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Astrocytes react to brain injury in a heterogeneous manner with only a subset resuming proliferation and acquiring stem cell properties in vitro. In order to identify novel regulators of this subset, we performed genomewide expression analysis of reactive astrocytes isolated 5 days after stab wound injury from the gray matter of adult mouse cerebral cortex. The expression pattern was compared with astrocytes from intact cortex and adult neural stem cells (NSCs) isolated from the subependymal zone (SEZ). These comparisons revealed a set of genes expressed at higher levels in both endogenous NSCs and reactive astrocytes, including two lectins-Galectins 1 and 3. These results and the pattern of Galectin expression in the lesioned brain led us to examine the functional significance of these lectins in brains of mice lacking Galectins 1 and 3. Following stab wound injury, astrocyte reactivity including glial fibrillary acidic protein expression, proliferation and neurosphere-forming capacity were found significantly reduced in mutant animals. This phenotype could be recapitulated in vitro and was fully rescued by addition of Galectin 3, but not of Galectin 1. Thus, Galectins 1 and 3 play key roles in regulating the proliferative and NSC potential of a subset of reactive astrocytes.

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