Long Noncoding RNAs: a Potential Novel Class of Cancer Biomarkers

Overview

Journal Front Genet

Date 2015 May 9

PMID 25954300

Citations 153

Authors

Aliaksandr A Yarmishyn

Igor V Kurochkin

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a novel class of RNA molecules defined as transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that lack protein coding potential. They constitute a major, but still poorly characterized part of human transcriptome, however, evidence is growing that they are important regulatory molecules involved in various cellular processes. It is becoming increasingly clear that many lncRNAs are deregulated in cancer and some of them can be important drivers of malignant transformation. On the one hand, some lncRNAs can have highly specific expression in particular types of cancer making them a promising tool for diagnosis. The expression of other lncRNAs can correlate with different pathophysiological features of tumor growth and with patient survival, thus making them convenient biomarkers for prognosis. In this review we outline the current state of knowledge about the fast growing field of application of lncRNAs as tumor biomarkers.

Citing Articles

PCAT19: the role in cancer pathogenesis and beyond.

Hu H, Luo H, Deng Z Front Cell Dev Biol. 2025; 12:1435717.

PMID: 39744012 PMC: 11688190. DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1435717.

The Role of Long Intergenic Noncoding RNA in Fetal Development.

Oguntoyinbo I, Goyal R Int J Mol Sci. 2024; 25(21).

PMID: 39519006 PMC: 11546696. DOI: 10.3390/ijms252111453.

LINC01094: A key long non-coding RNA in the regulation of cancer progression and therapeutic targets.

Yi Q, Zhu G, Zhu W, Wang J, Ouyang X, Yang K Heliyon. 2024; 10(18):e37527.

PMID: 39309878 PMC: 11415682. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37527.

Long non-coding RNA PVT1 regulates TGF-β and promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion of hypopharyngeal carcinoma FaDu cells.

Zhao Y, Zhao L, Li M, Meng Z, Wang S, Li J World J Surg Oncol. 2024; 22(1):254.

PMID: 39300515 PMC: 11414033. DOI: 10.1186/s12957-024-03536-w.

GLIDR-mediated regulation of tumor malignancy and cisplatin resistance in non-small cell lung cancer via the miR-342-5p/PPARGC1A axis.

Liu R, Wang J, Zhang L, Wang S, Li X, Liu Y BMC Cancer. 2024; 24(1):1126.

PMID: 39256686 PMC: 11385156. DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12845-y.

References

Xu Z, Yu Q, Du Y, Yang L, Dong R, Huang L . Knockdown of long non-coding RNA HOTAIR suppresses tumor invasion and reverses epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer. Int J Biol Sci. 2013; 9(6):587-97. PMC: 3708039. DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.6339. View

Jenjaroenpun P, Kremenska Y, Nair V, Kremenskoy M, Joseph B, Kurochkin I . Characterization of RNA in exosomes secreted by human breast cancer cell lines using next-generation sequencing. PeerJ. 2013; 1:e201. PMC: 3828613. DOI: 10.7717/peerj.201. View

Liu Y, Pan S, Liu L, Zhai X, Liu J, Wen J . A genetic variant in long non-coding RNA HULC contributes to risk of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma in a Chinese population. PLoS One. 2012; 7(4):e35145. PMC: 3320879. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0035145. View

Xie H, Ma H, Zhou D . Plasma HULC as a promising novel biomarker for the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomed Res Int. 2013; 2013:136106. PMC: 3674644. DOI: 10.1155/2013/136106. View

Carninci P, Kasukawa T, Katayama S, Gough J, Frith M, Maeda N . The transcriptional landscape of the mammalian genome. Science. 2005; 309(5740):1559-63. DOI: 10.1126/science.1112014. View

Wu Z, Wang X, Tang H, Jiang T, Chen J, Lu S . Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR is a powerful predictor of metastasis and poor prognosis and is associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition in colon cancer. Oncol Rep. 2014; 32(1):395-402. DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3186. View

Panzitt K, Tschernatsch M, Guelly C, Moustafa T, Stradner M, Strohmaier H . Characterization of HULC, a novel gene with striking up-regulation in hepatocellular carcinoma, as noncoding RNA. Gastroenterology. 2007; 132(1):330-42. DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2006.08.026. View

Lai M, Yang Z, Zhou L, Zhu Q, Xie H, Zhang F . Long non-coding RNA MALAT-1 overexpression predicts tumor recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation. Med Oncol. 2011; 29(3):1810-6. DOI: 10.1007/s12032-011-0004-z. View

Wang P, Ren Z, Sun P . Overexpression of the long non-coding RNA MEG3 impairs in vitro glioma cell proliferation. J Cell Biochem. 2012; 113(6):1868-74. DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24055. View

10.

Shi X, Sun M, Liu H, Yao Y, Kong R, Chen F . A critical role for the long non-coding RNA GAS5 in proliferation and apoptosis in non-small-cell lung cancer. Mol Carcinog. 2013; 54 Suppl 1:E1-E12. DOI: 10.1002/mc.22120. View

11.

Tang H, Wu Z, Zhang J, Su B . Salivary lncRNA as a potential marker for oral squamous cell carcinoma diagnosis. Mol Med Rep. 2013; 7(3):761-6. DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2012.1254. View

12.

Zhu Y, Yu M, Li Z, Kong C, Bi J, Li J . ncRAN, a newly identified long noncoding RNA, enhances human bladder tumor growth, invasion, and survival. Urology. 2010; 77(2):510.e1-5. DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2010.09.022. View

13.

Liu Z, Wang W, Jiang J, Bao E, Xu D, Zeng Y . Downregulation of GAS5 promotes bladder cancer cell proliferation, partly by regulating CDK6. PLoS One. 2013; 8(9):e73991. PMC: 3775789. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073991. View

14.

Birney E, Stamatoyannopoulos J, Dutta A, Guigo R, Gingeras T, Margulies E . Identification and analysis of functional elements in 1% of the human genome by the ENCODE pilot project. Nature. 2007; 447(7146):799-816. PMC: 2212820. DOI: 10.1038/nature05874. View

15.

Schwarzenbach H, Hoon D, Pantel K . Cell-free nucleic acids as biomarkers in cancer patients. Nat Rev Cancer. 2011; 11(6):426-37. DOI: 10.1038/nrc3066. View

16.

Zheng H, Shi D, Wang Y, Li X, Xu Y, Tripathi P . High expression of lncRNA MALAT1 suggests a biomarker of poor prognosis in colorectal cancer. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2014; 7(6):3174-81. PMC: 4097248. View

17.

Qi P, Xu M, Ni S, Shen X, Wei P, Huang D . Down-regulation of ncRAN, a long non-coding RNA, contributes to colorectal cancer cell migration and invasion and predicts poor overall survival for colorectal cancer patients. Mol Carcinog. 2014; 54(9):742-50. DOI: 10.1002/mc.22137. View

18.

Takahashi K, Yan I, Kogure T, Haga H, Patel T . Extracellular vesicle-mediated transfer of long non-coding RNA ROR modulates chemosensitivity in human hepatocellular cancer. FEBS Open Bio. 2014; 4:458-67. PMC: 4050189. DOI: 10.1016/j.fob.2014.04.007. View

19.

Zhou Y, Zhong Y, Wang Y, Zhang X, Batista D, Gejman R . Activation of p53 by MEG3 non-coding RNA. J Biol Chem. 2007; 282(34):24731-42. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M702029200. View

20.

Ulaner G, Vu T, Li T, Hu J, Yao X, Yang Y . Loss of imprinting of IGF2 and H19 in osteosarcoma is accompanied by reciprocal methylation changes of a CTCF-binding site. Hum Mol Genet. 2003; 12(5):535-49. DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddg034. View