Response Gene to Complement 32 (RGC-32) Expression on M2-polarized and Tumor-associated Macrophages is M-CSF-dependent and Enhanced by Tumor-derived IL-4

Overview

Journal Cell Mol Immunol

Date 2014 Nov 25

PMID 25418473

Citations 36

Authors

Peng Zhao

Daiqing Gao

Qingjie Wang

Bingfeng Song

Qianqian Shao

Jintang Sun

Chunyan Ji

Xingang Li

Peng Li

Xun Qu

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Response gene to complement 32 (RGC-32) is a cell cycle regulator involved in the proliferation, differentiation and migration of cells and has also been implicated in angiogenesis. Here we show that RGC-32 expression in macrophages is induced by IL-4 and reduced by LPS, indicating a link between RGC-32 expression and M2 polarization. We demonstrated that the increased expression of RGC-32 is characteristic of alternatively activated macrophages, in which this protein suppresses the production of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and promotes the production of the anti-inflammatory mediator TGF-β. Consistent with in vitro data, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) express high levels of RGC-32, and this expression is induced by tumor-derived ascitic fluid in an M-CSF- and/or IL-4-dependent manner. Collectively, these results establish RGC-32 as a marker for M2 macrophage polarization and indicate that this protein is a potential target for cancer immunotherapy, targeting tumor-associated macrophages.

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