Stoichiometry of Gata4, Mef2c, and Tbx5 Influences the Efficiency and Quality of Induced Cardiac Myocyte Reprogramming

Overview

Journal Circ Res

Specialty Cardiology & Vascular Diseases

Date 2014 Nov 23

PMID 25416133

Citations 131

Authors

Li Wang

Ziqing Liu

Chaoying Yin

Huda Asfour

Olivia Chen

Yanzhen Li

Nenad Bursac

Jiandong Liu

Li Qian

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Rationale: Generation of induced cardiac myocytes (iCMs) directly from fibroblasts offers great opportunities for cardiac disease modeling and cardiac regeneration. A major challenge of iCM generation is the low conversion rate of fibroblasts to fully reprogrammed iCMs, which could in part be attributed to unbalanced expression of reprogramming factors Gata4 (G), Mef2c (M), and Tbx5 (T) using the current gene delivery approach.

Objective: We aimed to establish a system to express distinct ratios of G, M, T proteins in fibroblasts and determine the effect of G, M, T stoichiometry on iCM reprogramming.

Methods And Results: We took advantage of the inherent feature of the polycistronic system and generated all possible combinations of G, M, T with identical 2A sequences in a single transgene. We demonstrated that each splicing order of G, M, T gave rise to distinct G, M, T protein expression levels. Combinations that resulted in higher protein level of Mef2c with lower levels of Gata4 and Tbx5 significantly enhanced reprogramming efficiency compared with separate G, M, T transduction. Importantly, after further optimization, the MGT vector resulted in more than 10-fold increase in the number of mature beating iCM loci. Molecular characterization revealed that more optimal G, M, T stoichiometry correlated with higher expression of mature cardiac myocyte markers.

Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that stoichiometry of G, M, T protein expression influences the efficiency and quality of iCM reprogramming. The established optimal G, M, T expression condition will provide a valuable platform for future iCM studies.

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