The ZInEP Epidemiology Survey: Background, Design and Methods

Overview

Journal Int J Methods Psychiatr Res

Specialty Psychiatry

Date 2014 Jun 20

PMID 24942564

Citations 9

Authors

Vladeta Ajdacic-Gross

Mario Muller

Stephanie Rodgers

Inge Warnke

Michael P Hengartner

Karin Landolt

Florence Hagenmuller

Magali Meier

Lee-Ting Tse

Aleksandra Aleksandrowicz

Marco Passardi

Daniel Knopfli

Herdis Schonfelder

Jochen Eisele

Nicolas Rusch

Helene Haker

Wolfram Kawohl

Wulf Rossler

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

This article introduces the design, sampling, field procedures and instruments used in the ZInEP Epidemiology Survey. This survey is one of six ZInEP projects (Zürcher Impulsprogramm zur nachhaltigen Entwicklung der Psychiatrie, i.e. the "Zurich Program for Sustainable Development of Mental Health Services"). It parallels the longitudinal Zurich Study with a sample comparable in age and gender, and with similar methodology, including identical instruments. Thus, it is aimed at assessing the change of prevalence rates of common mental disorders and the use of professional help and psychiatric sevices. Moreover, the current survey widens the spectrum of topics by including sociopsychiatric questionnaires on stigma, stress related biological measures such as load and cortisol levels, electroencephalographic (EEG) and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) examinations with various paradigms, and sociophysiological tests. The structure of the ZInEP Epidemiology Survey entails four subprojects: a short telephone screening using the SCL-27 (n of nearly 10,000), a comprehensive face-to-face interview based on the SPIKE (Structured Psychopathological Interview and Rating of the Social Consequences for Epidemiology: the main instrument of the Zurich Study) with a stratified sample (n = 1500), tests in the Center for Neurophysiology and Sociophysiology (n = 227), and a prospective study with up to three follow-up interviews and further measures (n = 157). In sum, the four subprojects of the ZInEP Epidemiology Survey deliver a large interdisciplinary database.

Citing Articles

Relationship Between ABO Blood Groups and Mental Disorders.

Ajdacic-Gross V, Buadze A, Wagner E, Muller M, Seifritz E, Ranjbar S J Blood Med. 2025; 16():1-5.

PMID: 39781374 PMC: 11705969. DOI: 10.2147/JBM.S470340.

The Swiss Multiple Sclerosis Registry (SMSR): study protocol of a participatory, nationwide registry to promote epidemiological and patient-centered MS research.

Steinemann N, Kuhle J, Calabrese P, Kesselring J, Disanto G, Merkler D BMC Neurol. 2018; 18(1):111.

PMID: 30103695 PMC: 6088400. DOI: 10.1186/s12883-018-1118-0.

Subtypes of stuttering determined by latent class analysis in two Swiss epidemiological surveys.

Ajdacic-Gross V, Bechtiger L, Rodgers S, Muller M, Kawohl W, von Kanel R PLoS One. 2018; 13(8):e0198450.

PMID: 30086147 PMC: 6080750. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198450.

Distribution of Response Time, Cortical, and Cardiac Correlates during Emotional Interference in Persons with Subclinical Psychotic Symptoms.

Holper L, Aleksandrowicz A, Muller M, Ajdacic-Gross V, Haker H, Fallgatter A Front Behav Neurosci. 2016; 10:172.

PMID: 27660608 PMC: 5014856. DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2016.00172.

Pure animal phobia is more specific than other specific phobias: epidemiological evidence from the Zurich Study, the ZInEP and the PsyCoLaus.

Ajdacic-Gross V, Rodgers S, Muller M, Hengartner M, Aleksandrowicz A, Kawohl W Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2016; 266(6):567-77.

PMID: 27001383 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-016-0687-4.

References

Tennant C, Andrews G . A scale to measure the stress of life events. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 1976; 10(1):27-32. DOI: 10.3109/00048677609159482. View

Carver C . You want to measure coping but your protocol's too long: consider the brief COPE. Int J Behav Med. 1997; 4(1):92-100. DOI: 10.1207/s15327558ijbm0401_6. View

Seeman T, McEwen B, Rowe J, Singer B . Allostatic load as a marker of cumulative biological risk: MacArthur studies of successful aging. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001; 98(8):4770-5. PMC: 31909. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.081072698. View

Wittchen H, Perkonigg A, Lachner G, Nelson C . Early developmental stages of psychopathology study (EDSP): objectives and design. Eur Addict Res. 1998; 4(1-2):18-27. DOI: 10.1159/000018921. View

Bunney Jr W, Hetrick W, Bunney B, Patterson J, Jin Y, Potkin S . Structured Interview for Assessing Perceptual Anomalies (SIAPA). Schizophr Bull. 1999; 25(3):577-92. DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033402. View

Angst J, Binder J . The Zurich study--a prospective epidemiological study of depressive, neurotic and psychosomatic syndromes. I. Problem, methodology. Eur Arch Psychiatry Neurol Sci. 1984; 234(1):13-20. DOI: 10.1007/BF00432878. View

Doering S, Renn D, Hofer S, Rumpold G, Smrekar U, Janecke N . [Validation of the "Assessment of DSM-IV Personality Disorders (ADP-IV)" Questionnaire]. Z Psychosom Med Psychother. 2007; 53(2):111-28. DOI: 10.13109/zptm.2007.53.2.111. View

Vaishnavi S, Connor K, Davidson J . An abbreviated version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), the CD-RISC2: psychometric properties and applications in psychopharmacological trials. Psychiatry Res. 2007; 152(2-3):293-7. PMC: 2041449. DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2007.01.006. View

Kessler R, Angermeyer M, Anthony J, de Graaf R, Demyttenaere K, Gasquet I . Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of mental disorders in the World Health Organization's World Mental Health Survey Initiative. World Psychiatry. 2008; 6(3):168-76. PMC: 2174588. View

10.

Fowler D, Freeman D, Smith B, Kuipers E, Bebbington P, Bashforth H . The Brief Core Schema Scales (BCSS): psychometric properties and associations with paranoia and grandiosity in non-clinical and psychosis samples. Psychol Med. 2006; 36(6):749-59. DOI: 10.1017/S0033291706007355. View

11.

Vuoksimaa E, Koskenvuo M, Rose R, Kaprio J . Origins of handedness: a nationwide study of 30,161 adults. Neuropsychologia. 2009; 47(5):1294-301. PMC: 2680751. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.01.007. View

12.

Griffiths K, Christensen H, Jorm A, Evans K, Groves C . Effect of web-based depression literacy and cognitive-behavioural therapy interventions on stigmatising attitudes to depression: randomised controlled trial. Br J Psychiatry. 2004; 185:342-9. DOI: 10.1192/bjp.185.4.342. View

13.

Walinder J, Rutzt W . Male depression and suicide. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2001; 16 Suppl 2:S21-24. DOI: 10.1097/00004850-200103002-00004. View

14.

Lauber C, Nordt C, Sartorius N, Falcato L, Rossler W . Public acceptance of restrictions on mentally ill people. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 2001; (407):26-32. DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0447.2000.00005.x. View

15.

Ewing J . Detecting alcoholism. The CAGE questionnaire. JAMA. 1984; 252(14):1905-7. DOI: 10.1001/jama.252.14.1905. View

16.

Ehlis A, Herrmann M, Plichta M, Fallgatter A . Cortical activation during two verbal fluency tasks in schizophrenic patients and healthy controls as assessed by multi-channel near-infrared spectroscopy. Psychiatry Res. 2007; 156(1):1-13. DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2006.11.007. View

17.

Fallgatter A . Electrophysiology of the prefrontal cortex in healthy controls and schizophrenic patients: a review. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2001; 108(6):679-94. DOI: 10.1007/s007020170045. View

18.

Andreasson S, Allebeck P, Engstrom A, Rydberg U . Cannabis and schizophrenia. A longitudinal study of Swedish conscripts. Lancet. 1987; 2(8574):1483-6. DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(87)92620-1. View

19.

Binder J, Angst J . A prospective epidemiological study of psychosomatic and psychiatric syndromes in young adults. Psychother Psychosom. 1982; 38(1):128-40. DOI: 10.1159/000287621. View

20.

Freeman D, Garety P, Bebbington P, Smith B, Rollinson R, Fowler D . Psychological investigation of the structure of paranoia in a non-clinical population. Br J Psychiatry. 2005; 186:427-35. DOI: 10.1192/bjp.186.5.427. View