Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines in Prostate Cancer: the Quest for Intermediate Markers of Response

Overview

Journal Cancers (Basel)

Publisher MDPI

Specialty Oncology

Date 2013 Nov 12

PMID 24213505

Citations 3

Authors

Joseph W Kim

Marijo Bilusic

Christopher J Heery

Ravi A Madan

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Despite recent advances in cancer immunotherapy, no prospectively validated intermediate biomarkers exist to predict response. These biomarkers are highly desirable given modern immunotherapy's paradoxical pattern of clinical benefit; that is, improvement in overall survival without short-term change in progression. Immunotherapy clinical trials have evaluated biomarkers that may correlate with clinical outcomes. Many of them are performed on peripheral blood to evaluate the systemic response, such as tumor-targeted humoral and cellular immunity, and cytokine responses. Accumulating evidence suggests that immune infiltrates in tumors may suggest evidence for the therapy's mechanism of action, and have greater potential for providing prognostic and predictive information. In addition, a non-immunologic biomarker, such as tumor growth kinetics, may explain this paradoxical pattern of clinical benefit, and predict survival in patients treated with an immunotherapy. Prospective assessment and validation of these and other intermediate markers would be required to better understand their potential clinical role.

Citing Articles

Samarium-153-EDTMP (Quadramet®) with or without vaccine in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: A randomized Phase 2 trial.

Heery C, Madan R, Stein M, Stadler W, Di Paola R, Rauckhorst M Oncotarget. 2016; 7(42):69014-69023.

PMID: 27486817 PMC: 5340090. DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10883.

Integrating Immunotherapies in Prostate Cancer.

Strauss J, Madan R Curr Oncol Rep. 2015; 17(10):45.

PMID: 26275784 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-015-0469-6.

Prostate cancer: the need for biomarkers and new therapeutic targets.

Felgueiras J, Silva J, Fardilha M J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2014; 15(1):16-42.

PMID: 24390742 PMC: 3891116. DOI: 10.1631/jzus.B1300106.

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